葡萄茎秆切割装置作业参数优化与试验

为探究露地酿酒葡萄茎秆对机械化切割力的影响关系，通过力学特性试验测定修剪期葡萄茎秆弹性模量与抗压强度，确定葡萄茎秆断裂时的抗剪强度在5.0~9.0 MPa。对切割器—葡萄茎秆建立几何模型进行动力学仿真，借助有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA分析往复式切割器切割过程，得到葡萄茎秆修剪过程中位移云图、等效应力云图、能量曲线和切割力曲线。在此基础上进行三因素三水平仿真试验，得到切割装置工作参数对切割力的影响从大到小排序为切割倾角、液压马达转速、行进速度，运用Design-Expert12.0软件优化分析得到切割装置最优参数组合：切割倾角为9°、液压马达转速为700 r/min、行进速度为1.5 m/s。运用最优参数组合进行田间试验，结果表明：往复式葡萄茎秆修剪机的漏剪率为5.4%，撕裂率为4.6%，葡萄茎秆切割装置最优作业参数可满足葡萄园茎秆修剪作业要求。

Optimization and test of operating parameters of grape stem cutting device

In order to explore the influence of open grape stalk on mechanical cutting force, the compressive elastic modulus and compressive strength of grape stalk in pruning period were measured by mechanical properties test, and the shear strength of grape branch fracture was determined to be 5.0-9.0 MPa. The geometric model of cutter and grape stalk was established for dynamic simulation, and the cutting process of reciprocating cutter was analyzed by using finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and the displacement cloud map, equivalent stress cloud map, energy curve and cutting force curve of grape stalk pruning were obtained. On this basis, three factors and three levels of simulation experiments were carried out, and the effects of cutting device working parameters on cutting force from large to small were sorted as follows: cutting Angle, hydraulic motor speed, traveling speed, and the optimal combination of cutting device parameters was obtained by using Design-Expert12.0 software optimization analysis: The cutting angle was 9°, the hydraulic motor speed was 700 r/min, and the traveling speed was 1.5 m/s. Field experiments were carried out by using the optimal combination of parameters. The results showed that the rate of missing and tearing of reciprocating grape stem cutting device was 5.4% and 4.6%, and the optimal operating parameters of grape stem cutting device could meet the requirements of grape stem pruning.