密植条件下玉米主要农艺性状的综合性分析

【目的】研究新疆北疆地区玉米品种密植条件下的株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粒数、穗粒重、脱粒含水量等主要农艺性状和产量的变化,找出该地区密植条件下玉米产量的主要因子,为筛选出适宜新疆北疆地区种植的耐密高产优质的玉米品种提供科学依据。【方法】采用北疆18个中熟玉米品种为材料,在10.5×10⁴株/hm²密度下,分析各参试玉米品种产量及主要农艺性状。【结果】在密植条件下各参试品种产量差异极显著;产量与行粒数(r=0.565^*)、百粒重(r=0.485^*)呈显著正相关;18个玉米品种的9个农艺性状可以解释85.6%的产量变异;优化后的线性回归方程为Y=-16.391+0.469X₆+0.33X₈。【结论】新疆北疆博州地区密植条件下选择玉米品种时,选择穗长稍长、穗粒重较大、百粒重较重且脱水快的品种,华西704,登海1707和华西917可作为新疆博州地区中熟春播地膜玉米栽培选择品种。

Comprehensive analysis of main agronomic traits of maize

【Objective】This project aims to find out the main factor under the condition of dense planting corn in the hope of providing a scientific basis for screening out the corn varieties with density resistance, high yield and good quality suitable for planting in northern Xinjiang through comprehensive analysis of major agronomic traits and yield, such as plant height, ear height, spike length, the number of ear, spike grain weight and threshing moisture of maize varieties in northern Xinjiang. 【Methods】The yield and main agronomic traits of 18 medium-maturity maize varieties in northern Xinjiang were analyzed under the density of 105,000 plants/hm².【Results】Under the condition of close planting, the yield of the tested varieties was significantly different. There was significant positive correlation between grain yield and row number (r=0.565^*) and 100-grain weight (r=0.485^*). Nine agronomic traits of 18 maize varieties could explain 85.6% of yield variation. The optimized linear regression equation was Y=-16.391+0.469X₆+0.33X₈.【Conclusion】When selecting maize varieties under dense planting conditions in Bozhou area of northern Xinjiang, the varieties with slightly longer ear length, larger grain weight per ear, heavier 100-grain weight and fast dehydration should be selected. There are other agronomic traits that need to be considered as they interact, among them, Huaxi 704, Denghai 1707 and Huaxi 917 can be used as medium maturity spring sowing mulch maize cultivars in Bozhou, Xinjiang.