基于高通量测序对引起苹果外观异常病原的鉴定

【目的】研究引起新疆阿拉尔苹果外观异常病原的种类、发病类型及严重程度，为防治此类病害提供理论依据。【方法】在新疆阿拉尔六团一连采用实地调查采样，分类描述苹果外观异常；用五点取样法调查发病区发病率、发病品种等；采用高通量基因测序技术分析其病原病毒分子生物学。【结果】苹果外观异常平均发病率为70.45%。田间症状主要有果实畸形型、锈果型、着色异常型三种类型。主要病毒有苹果褪绿叶斑病毒(Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus, ACLSV)、苹果茎痘病毒(Apple stem pitting virus, ASPV)、苹果茎沟病毒(Apple stem grooving virus, ASGV),苹果花叶病毒(Apple mosaic virus, ApMV)和苹果绿皱果病毒(Apple green crinkle virus, AgrCV)5种类型，在不同品种中病毒种类存在差异。【结论】阿拉尔苹果外观异常病毒病发生较为严重且呈多种病毒混合发生，其引起的症状与苹果锈果类病毒病症状相似。

Identification of Pathogens Causing the Abnormal Appearance of Apples in Alar Based on High-Throughput Sequencing Technology

【Objective】 To clarify the pathogenic types and severity of the abnormal appearance of Apples in Alar in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of the disease. 【Method】 In Alar in Xinjiang in this study, the occurrence of apple appearance abnormalities was investigated by five-point sampling method in the field, and the types of symptoms in the field were observed and recorded, and the pathogenic viruses were analyzed in molecular biology by high-throughput gene sequencing technology. 【Result】 The investigation showed that the incidence of a disease in the Company 1 of the Sixth regiment was up to 70.45%.There were three types of field symptoms: malformation, rust fruit and coloring abnormality.The high-throughput sequencing results showed that there were 5 types of virus: apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), apple stem pitting virus(ASPV), apple stem grooving virus(ASGV), apple mosaic virus(ApMV) and apple green crinkle virus(AgrCV), and the virus types were different among different varieties. 【Conclusion】 The virus disease of abnormal appearance of apples in Alar is serious, which is widely distributed and occurs with a mixture of various viruses, among which the symptoms caused by a mixture of various viruses are similar to the symptoms of apple scar skin viroid.