环境异质性对红砂叶片功能性状的影响

为探究红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)生态适应过程中环境和遗传变异之间的相对关系，本研究采用野外调查及同质园栽培试验的方法，测定红砂叶片形态和化学计量指标，分析比较了野外和同质园叶片功能性状的差异。结果表明：同一种源同质园红砂叶组织密度、肉质化程度、含水量均低于野外，且同质园红砂叶组织密度、肉质化程度、含水量在不同种源地与野外表现出相似的变化趋势，比叶面积表现为相反的变化趋势。野外种源红砂生长受氮和磷共同限制，而同质园红砂只受氮限制，红砂叶片含水量与肉质化程度、组织密度与比叶面积、氮含量与比叶面积、氮含量与N/P在同质园与野外相关性表现一致，但同质园碳、氮、磷与其它性状之间的相关性与野外不同，且微量元素钠、镁、铁、锌含量在野外与同质园间具有显著性差异。综上所述，红砂叶组织密度、肉质化程度、含水量及部分性状间权衡关系受遗传影响较高，在环境改变时也存在适应性分化，遗传因素对红砂叶化学计量特征影响较小，且环境变化会导致红砂对氮和磷元素利用方式发生改变。

Effects of Environmental Heterogeneity on Leaf Functional Traits of Reaumuria soongorica

In order to explore the relative relationship between environmental and genetic variations in the ecological adaptation processes of Reaumuria soongorica,the leaf morphological characters and stoichiometric indexes of R. soongorica were determined by field investigation and cultivation experiment in common garden,the differences of leaf functional traits of the species grew in the native fields and cultivated in common garden were analyzed. The results showed that the leaf tissue density,degree of fleshiness and water content of R. soongorica cultivated in the common garden,even from the different growing provenances were lower than those grew in its native field,and the changings of leaf traits of the species both cultivated in the common garden and grew wild in their native field showed similar trends. However,the specific leaf area showed the opposite trends between them. The growth of R.soongorica in its native field was limited by both N and P,while those cultivated in the common garden only limited by N. The correlations between leaf water content and degree of fleshiness,tissue density and specific leaf area,N and specific leaf area,N and N/P ratio were consistent for R. soongorica cultivated in the common garden with those grew wild in its native field. But the correlations between C,N and P contents and other traits of R soongorica cultivated in the common garden were different from those wild in its native field. The contents of trace elements of Na,Mg,Fe and Mn were significantly different between the wild and the cultivated. In summary,the tissue density,fleshiness degree,water content and the trade-off relationship between some traits of R soongorica leaves were highly affected by genetics and the adaptation to the growing environment. Genetic factors of R soongorica had a little influence on the stoichiometric characteristics of its leaves,and environmental changes led to some changes in the utilization of N and P elements.