不同架式对阳光玫瑰葡萄叶绿素荧光特性的影响

【目的】研究葡萄不同栽培架式叶绿素荧光特性的变化规律，分析其对树体生长的影响。【方法】以6年生阳光玫瑰葡萄为研究对象，研究弓棚架(Tp)、篱架向阳面(Ts)和背阴面(Tn)阳光玫瑰葡萄叶片叶绿素荧光参数，并分析其对光强和响应和能量分配策略。【结果】Tp处理的Fo分别比Ts和Tn高12.20%和20.36%,Fm分别比Ts和Tn处理高于14.57%和39.27%,且差异显著；Tp、Ts处理的Fv/Fm比Tn处理高19.95%、17.05%,Fv/Fo处理分别高3.69%、3.31%,均显著高于Tn;不同架式处理PSⅡ初始斜率α大小为Tp(0.28)>Ts(0.24)>Tn(0.22),Tp最大电子传递速率ETRmax(73.04)和饱和光强PARast(1 170.93)亦最高；半饱和光强Ik大小为Ts(271.16)>Tp(257.35)>Tn(246.66);ETR随PAR增大呈先上升后下降的趋势，Y(Ⅱ)随PAR增大呈下降趋势，随PAR增加不同架式ETR和Y大小均为Tp>Ts>Tn;弓棚架qP和NPQ亦高于篱架；不同架式阳光玫瑰葡萄吸收光能的能量...

Effects of Different Cultivation Posture on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Shine-Muscat grape

【Objective】 To explore the change of chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics in different grape posture and its influence on tree growth and the quality of fruits. 【Methods】 The response to light intensity and energy allocation strategies of bow pergola trellis (Tp), sunny side (Ts) and night side (Tn) of vertical trellis on 6-year-old Shine-Muscat grape were studied. 【Results】 The result showed that: the Fo of Tp was 12.20% and 20.36%, and Fm was 14.57% and 39.27% higher than those of Ts and Tn, respectively, which was significantly different higher than Ts and Tn.The Fv/Fm of Tp and Ts was 19.95% and 17.05%, and Fv/Fo treatment was 3.69% and 3.31% significantly higher than those of Tn.The initial slope α of different cultivation posture of PSⅡwas Tp (0.28) > Ts (0.24) > Tn (0.22), the maximum electron transfer rate ETRmax (73.04) and saturated intensity PARast (1,170.93) were also the highest, the semi saturated intensity Ik was Ts (271.16) > Tp (257.35) > Tn (246.66).ETR first increased and then decreased, Y(Ⅱ) decreased with the increase of PAR, the values of ETR and Y(Ⅱ) were Tp > Ts > Tn.qP and NPQ of bow pergola trellis were also higher than those of vertical trellis, qP value decreased with the increase of PAR.qP value of each treatment was significantly different, Tp treatment had the largest qP value, followed by Tp treatment, and Ts treatment had the smallest value when PAR was less than 285 μmol/(m² / s).qP value of Tp and Tn treatment had little difference, and Tp treatment had the smallest value when PAR was more than 285 μmol/ (m²/s).NPQ increased with the increase of PAR, it was increased slower when PAR was lower than 190 μmol/(m² /s).The increase rate of NPQ value in Tp and Ts treatments was significantly increased, while that in Tn treatment was relatively slow, Tp treatment was significantly higher than that in Ts and Tn treatment when PAR was higher than 190μmol/(m²/s).That was to say, compared with vertical trellis, bow pergola trellis improved the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, increased Fv/Fo, Fv/Fm, Y(Ⅱ),increased the maximum potential quantum efficiency and actual quantum efficiency of PSⅡ reaction center, increased qP and NPQ.The energy distribution trend of light energy absorbed by Shine-Muscat grapes with different cultivation postures was basically the same,with the increase of PAR, Y (Ⅱ) gradually decreased, Y (NPQ) gradually increased, and Y (NO) showed a relatively stable small decline trend, the distribution ratio of Y (NO) did not change significantly with the increase of light intensity. 【Conclusion】 In a word, the Shine-Muscat grape has strong adaptability to light and bow pergola trellis are more conducive to photosynthesis of the Shine-Muscat grape.