湖南稷子种子标准发芽方法研究

湖南稷子(Echinochloa frumentacea)具有优良的抗逆性和较高的饲用价值，既可作为改良盐碱地的先锋植物又可用作青饲料以及调制干草或青贮。然而其种子具有一定的休眠性，休眠种子的发芽率较低，限制了湖南稷子的生产效率。本研究以2020,2021年收获的湖南稷子种子为研究对象，探究不同物理方法、化学方法、激素诱导方法对于解除湖南稷子种子休眠的效果。试验结果表明，0.05%GA₃ 20℃～35℃,0.05%GA₃ 20℃～30℃,预冷20℃～30℃,0.05%KNO₃25℃,预冷+0.05%KNO₃15℃～25℃处理可使种子发芽率平均达到86%以上，且幼苗生长状况良好。综合考虑发芽试验结果和实际操作上的难易程度后得出结论：采用培养皿纸上发芽法(Top of paper test on germination, TP),0.05%GA₃ 20℃～35℃,0.05%GA₃ 20℃～30℃处理为湖南稷子种子的最佳标准发芽方法。

Research on the Standard Germination method of Echinochloa frumentacea Seeds

Echinochloa frumentacea has excellent stress resistance and high feeding value. It can not only be used as a pioneer plant for saline-alkali land amelioaration, but also for green feed, hay-making or silage production. However, its seeds have a certain degree of dormancy, such so that the germination percentage of seeds is low, which limits the production efficiency of Echinochloa frumentacea. In this study, Echinochloa frumentacea seeds harvested in 2020 and 2021 were used as experimental objects to explore the effects of different physical, chemical and hormone induced methods on relieving the dormancy of Echinochloa frumentacea seeds. The results showed that the germination percentage of the seeds reached 86% on average and the seedlings grew well after the treatment of 0.05% GA₃ 20℃~35℃, 0.05%GA₃20℃~30℃, precooling 20℃~30℃, 0.05%KNO₃25℃ and precooling + 0.05%KNO₃ 15℃~25℃. By evaluating the outcomes of germination test and the degree of difficulty in practical operation, it was concluded that the best standard germination method of Echinochloa frumentacea was using the(TP) Top of paper test on germination, method, 0.05% GA₃ 20℃~35℃ and 0.05% GA₃ 20℃~30℃.