有机栽培红富士苹果芳香成分的GC-MS分析

 采用顶空固相微萃取法提取秋施有机肥后, 花前和套袋前分别均施有机肥栽培或均施复合肥栽培(对照) 的‘红富士’苹果(Malus domestica Borkh. ‘Fuji’) 果肉中的挥发性物质, 经气相色谱—质谱分析, 从有机肥栽培红富士苹果的挥发性物质中鉴定出64种成分, 而对照中只有51种成分; 同时, 有机肥栽培红富士苹果主要香气成分相对含量也比对照高。红富士苹果香气类型以酯类为主, 其中主要酯类为乙酸丁酯、2 - 甲基- 1 - 乙酸丁酯、己酸乙酯、乙酸己酯、丁酸己酯、丁酸- 2 - 甲基己酯, 后3种酯的相对含量有机肥栽培明显高于对照, 分别比对照高出62.51%、75.1%和40.57%; 检测到的醇类物质主要有1 - 丁醇、( S ) - 2 - 甲基- 1 - 丁醇、1 - 己醇, 而对苹果风味有贡献的( S ) - 2 - 甲基- 1 - 丁醇为对照所没有; 醛类化合物两种栽培方式相对含量差别较大, 有机肥栽培的相对含量是对照的2.5倍, 且多检测出一种成分( E ) - 2 - 己烯醛。

GC-MS Analysis of Fruit Aroma Components of Organic ‘Fuji’Apple

Volatile components were extracted from the control and organic'Fuji' apples(Malus domestica Borkh.'Fuji'),respectively,using HSSPME(Headspace Solid-Phase Micro-Extractions) method.64 compounds were identified in organic'Fuji'apples while 51 compounds in the control with GC-MS.Meanwhile,the relative contents of main components were higher in organic'Fuji'apple than in the control's.Generally,ester is the main style of aroma in'Fuji'apples.The main esters were acetic acid,butyl ester,1-butanol,2-methyl-,acetate,hexanoic acid,ethyl ester,acetic acid,hexyl ester,butanoic acid,hexyl ester,butanoic acid,2-methyl-,hexyl ester.The relative contents of the last three esters were higher in organic'Fuji'apple than in the control's.The contents in organic'Fuji'apples were 62.51%,75.1%,40.57% higher than in the control's,respectively.The main contents of the alcohol were 1-butanol,1-butanol,2-methyl-,(S())-,1-hexanol.But the last component was not in the control'Fuji' apples,which contributing to the characteristic aroma of'Fuji'apples.While the contents of aldehyde quite different between the control and organic'Fuji'apple.The contents of aldehyde were 2.5 times in organic'Fuji'apples as control's.And the former was more than the latter by one compound(2-hexanal,(E)-).