137Csγ辐照和NaN3处理对毛竹种子发芽率和保护酶活性的影响

用不同剂量的137Csγ射线和不同浓度的NaN₃对毛竹种子进行诱变处理，研究2种诱变方式对毛竹种子发芽率以及萌发种子内保护酶活性的影响，以期为开展毛竹诱变育种工作奠定理论基础。结果表明：10Gy剂量的γ射线辐照促进种子萌发，随着剂量的增加，对种子的发芽率抑制作用达极显著性水平，而NaN3处理对种子的发芽率的抑制则达显著水平，说明137Csγ射线对毛竹种子产生的诱变效应较NaN₃明显；不同剂量γ射线和不同浓度NaN₃对萌发种子中保护酶活性的影响均达到极显著水平，并且在低剂量和高剂量时均出现明显的变化临界点，分析得出保护酶活性可以反映毛竹种子对γ射线和NaN3的敏感性。初步选择出137Csγ射线和NaN3对毛子种子的半致死剂量和浓度分别为95.5Gy和0.16mmol/L，可以将其作为毛竹种子适宜的诱变剂量。

Effects of 137Cs γ-rays Irradiation and NaN3 Treatment on Germination Rate and Protective Enzyme Activity for Seeds of Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens

The seeds of Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens were treated by using 137Cs γ-rays irradiation and NaN3, and the effects of two mutation methods on the germination rates and protective enzyme activities of the germinating seeds were investigated, and set up a theoretical foundation for mutation breeding of bamboo. The results showed that 10Gy irradiation could promote seed germination. As the dose increased, seed germination rate was significantly inhibited in the case NaN3 treatment. This showed that a mutagenic effect of γ-rays was more obvious than that of NaN3. The effects of different doses of γ-rays and different concentrations of NaN3 on the protective enzyme activity were extremely significant. And the obvious changing point occurred at both the low and high doses (concentrations). The protective enzyme activity can reflect the sensitivity. The LD50 for the 137Cs γ-rays radiation and NaN3 concentration were 95.5Gy and 0.16 mmol / L, respectively, which could be considered as the optimum dose (concentration) for mutation breeding of bamboo.