中国东北地区农田生态系统中碳库的分布格局及其变化

本文以中国东北地区为对象,采用针对农业土壤碳库和痕量气体排放估算建立的反硝化分解(DNDC)模型,在建立有关中国东北地区气候、农业土壤和农业生产的分县数据库基础上,估算了中国东北地区农田土壤碳库储量,为1.27(0.92-1.62)GtC(1015g),平均为C63.57thm-2,是全国C平均值45.38thm-2的1.4倍,并发现东北地区农田土壤碳量有较明显的地区差异,东北部较高,西南部较低,从西南向东北方向土壤有机碳含量逐渐增加。经过一年的耕种后,农田土壤碳总的变化量为-22.97(-35.57—-10.37)TgC,变化率为-1.809%,C平均为-1.36thm-2,是全国C平均变化量-0.731thm-2的1.86倍,也有较明显的地区差异,北部减少幅度较大,西南部相对变化不大或有所增加。通过DNDC模型模拟研究发现我国东北地区经过耕种土壤碳损失量为0时,初始土壤有机质含量为18.3gkg-1。这点是土壤碳经过耕种后增加或减少的临界点。并通过情景分析,提出了增加东北地区农田土壤碳储量的措施。

Distribution and Change of Agro-ecosystem Carbon Pool in the Northeast of China

This paper deels with agro-ecosystem carbon pool and its changes in the Northeast of China by applying a process-oriented model DNDC. The results show that the agricultural soil carbon content in the Northeast of China was 1.27(0.92-1.62)GtC. The regional variation of SOC is significant. SOC content was higher in the northeastern parts of the Northeast of China,while lower content occurres in the southwestern parts. The total changes of agricultural soil carbon content in the Northeast of China were -22.97(-35.57—-10.37) TgC per year with regional variation. The amount of the reduction of SOC in northern parts of the Northeast of China is relatively large. In the southwestern parts, little reduction or increase of SOC occurred.