基质配方和施肥量对厚皮甜瓜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

以蚯蚓粪为主要原料,配合草炭、玉米芯制成3种复合基质配方,再添加不同量(10．0,12．5,15．0 kg／m3)的烘干鸡粪,以V(草炭):V(蛭石)=2:1混合基质为对照,研究不同基质配方及施肥量对厚皮甜瓜幼苗生长发育和生理特性的影响。结果表明,复合基质T5(750 dm3／m3蚯蚓粪+250 dm3／m3玉米芯+12．5 kg／m3烘干鸡粪)和T4(750 dm3／m3蚯蚓粪+250 dm3／m3玉米芯+10．0kg／m3烘干鸡粪)上栽培的甜瓜幼苗,其真叶面积、株高和茎粗增幅均大于对照,地下部干物质和叶干质量达到对照的水平;T5上栽培的甜瓜幼苗茎干质量显著大于对照,T4上栽培的甜瓜幼苗茎干质量达到对照的水平;T5和T4上栽培的甜瓜幼苗叶绿素、根系活力值均极显著大于对照。通过对壮苗指数、干物质平均积累量等综合指标进一步衡量后,筛选出T5和T4作为厚皮甜瓜的育苗基质;T1、T2、T3、T6、T7、T8和T9的育苗效果均不及对照,不宜作为厚皮甜瓜的育苗基质。

Influence of substrates forms and fertilizer quantity on the growth and physiological characteristics of muskmelon seedling

Taking wormcast as main material in three seedling substrates mixed with the peat and the corncob and increasing the different dosage (10. 0, 12. 5, 15. 0 kg/m3) of dried chicken manure,we studied the influence of different substrates formula and fertilizer quantity on the growth and physiological characteristics of muskmelon seedlings. Results show that, the muskmelon seedlings cultivated on substrates T5 (750 dm3/m3 wormcast 250 dm3/m3 corncob 12. 5 kg/m3 drying chicken manure) and T4 (750 dm3/m3 wormcast 250 dm3/m3 corncob 10. 0 kg/m3 drying chicken manure)grow beeter than CK. Their area of real leaf,plant height and plant stem diameter increased obviously bigger than CK,and their dry weight of root and leaf achieved the level of CK; the stem dry weight of muskmelon seedling growed in T5 showed notably higher than CK and the T4 as same as CK. The chlorophyll and root activity of muskmelon seedling in T4 and T5 substrates were significantly superior to CK . The conclusion can be drawn that through overall measurement by seedling index and G value etc. , the compound substrate T5 and T4 can be used to produce the seedling of muskmelon, while T1, T2, T3, T6, T7, T8 and T9 are worse than CK,so they should not be used as the substrate of muskmelon seedling.