微晶化钾矿粉的释钾特征及对籽粒苋生长的影响

为了提高钾矿粉中钾素的有效性,以有机材料为活化剂,用微晶化设备对钾矿粉进行活化处理,研究了微晶活化后钾矿粉的物理特性、钾素释放动态及肥效。结果表明,与普通钾矿粉相比,微晶活化后钾矿粉的理化性状得到明显的改善,其中中位径降低了37.22%,比表面积增大了194.14%,60 d钾素累积释放量提高了492.44%。施入土壤后,收获时籽粒苋植株株高、茎粗和生物量较普通钾矿粉处理分别提高了12.16%,20.55%和13.76%,差异达显著水平(P<0.05);施用钾矿粉还可以增加土壤速效钾和缓效钾的含量,并促进籽粒苋对钾素的吸收,其中微晶化钾矿粉处理增加幅度明显高于普通钾矿粉处理。微晶化钾矿粉增量施用或者等钾量配施氯化钾效果更好,肥效略差于常规施肥处理,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。

Potassium release characteristics of microcrystalline potassium mineral and its effects on growth of grain amaranth

In order to improve potassium availability, potassium minerals were finely ground in a microcrystalline mill with an organic activator, and the physical properties studied, including kinetics of potassium release and fertilizer efficiency. The results showed that the physical and chemical characteristics of the microcrystalline potassium mineral were improved significantly. Compared to the untreated potassium mineral, the median particle size was decreased by 37.22%, the specific surface area was increased by 194.14% and the total dose of potassium in 60 days was improved by 492.44%. After application of the microcrystalline potassium mineral to soil as fertilizer, plant height, stem diameter and biomass were increased by 12.16%, 20.55% and 13.76%, respectively, compared to the unground potassium mineral treatment. Application of finely ground potassium minerals also raised the levels of soil rapidly available K, and slowly available K, and these differences were statistically significant, compared to application of unground potassium mineral. The stimulation to growth of grain amaranth from a treatment which applied increments of microcrystalline potassium feldspar mineral or a combined application of microcrystalline potassium mineral and potassium chloride was less than that obtained from a conventional potassium chloride fertilizer treatment, but not significantly so (P>0.05).