用于中国小豆种质资源遗传多样性分析SSR分子标记筛选及应用

以375份小豆核心种质为试验材料, 利用从小豆及其近缘种SSR引物中筛选出的13对引物进行遗传多样性分析。检测结果显示, 小豆种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性, 共检测到133个等位变异, 每对SSR引物检测到等位变异4~19个, 平均10.23个, 国内各省多态信息含量(PIC)平均为0.561, 多态位点比例(P)平均为93.523%。聚类结果表明, 小豆资源遗传关系与生态分区间有明显的联系, 且东北地区资源与中南部资源遗传关系较近。湖北、安徽、陕西3省资源的PIC较高, 且基本位于主坐标三维图的中心区域, 推断湖北、安徽、陕西是中国栽培小豆的起源地或多样性中心。该结果有助于更好地对小豆种质资源进行收集、保护和利用。

Screening and Application of SSR Molecular Markers for Genetic Diversity Analysis of Chinese Adzuki Bean Germplasm Resources

Adzuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd) Ohwi & Ohashi] is a major food legume in China, with special functions in people’ life and agricultural production. In order to evaluate the genetic diversity of adzuki bean germplasm and provide information for gene mining and plant breeding, a total of 375 accessions of adzuki bean core collection were analyzed with 13 pairs of microsatellite (SSR) markers screened from SSR primers of adzuki bean and its relatives. A wide genetic variation was observed in all collections. Four to nineteen alleles per SSR primer pair were detected with an average of 10.23 alleles. The mean of polymorphism information content (PIC) and the percentage of polymorphic loci (P) for the collections in China were 0.561 and 93.523%, respectively. The dendrogram by UPGMA cluster analysis among populations showed that there were correlations between the groups clustered and their putative geographic origins, and the collections from northeast had a closer genetic relationship with that from middle-south region of China. SSR data showed that PIC in Hubei, Shannxi, and Anhui provinces was the first three high, which almost located in the central part of the three dimensions of PCO (principal coordinate analysis). We concluded that Hubei, Shannxi, and Anhui provinces were the origin or diversity center of cultivated adzuki bean in China. The results could be available for collection, conservation, and utilization of adzuki bean germplasm resources.