野生二粒小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基的多态性分析

采用十二烷基磺酸钠 -聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (SDS- PAGE)方法 ,对 172份来自以色列的野生二粒小麦的高分子量谷蛋白亚基 (HWM- GS)组成进行了鉴定和分析。结果发现 ,这 172份野生二粒小麦 1B染色体上的HMW- GS有 19种变异类型 ,比普通小麦 1B染色体上 HMW- GS的变异类型丰富得多 ,其中有 8种 (6 * 8* ,6 8* ,2 2 ,6 * 8,7* 9,7* 9* ,7* 8* ,7* 8)为普通小麦中不常见类型 ,各个亚基的分布频率不同 ,17 18亚基分布频率最高 (2 9.6 5 % ) ,并且存在 3种普通小麦中不存在的特殊亚基 (图 1中加 ?的类型 ) ;1A染色体上的 HMW- GS有4种变异类型 ,其中一个亚基 (自定义为 1* )以前未见报道。发现野生二粒小麦 HMW- GS组成中 Glu- B1位点的 17 18亚基和 Glu- A1位点的 1亚基出现频率比普通小麦中出现的频率高。这些试验数据可为野生二粒小麦上特异HMW- GS的进一步研究与利用提供理论依据。

Diversity of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits (HMW-GS) in Wild Emmer

Genetic diversity of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW GS) encoded by the Glu A1 and Glu B1 loci were investigated using one dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 172 wild emmer from Israel. 19 allelic variations were found at Glu B1 locus, 8 alleles detected have not been found before by Payne and Lawrence(1983)in hexaploid wheat. A high degree of variation was evident for the HMW GS in wild emmer. The distribution of alleles appeared to be non random,the frequency of 17 18 was 29.6%,which was the highest of all, 3 special types for wild emmer were also identified, while four allelic variants were detected for the Glu A1 locus, one of them (1 *)has not been previously described, which enhance the genetic variability available to improve the industrial quality of wheats and some of them may facilitate basic research on the relationship of industrial quality with HMW glutenin subunit and could be used to broaden the genetic basis for wheat breeding.