Sex inheritance and development of gynoecious hybrids in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) |
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| Authors: | TK Behera SS Dey AD Munshi Ambika B Gaikwad Anand Pal Iqbal Singh |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Vegetable Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;2. Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Kaulagarh Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India;3. National Research Centre on DNA Fingerprinting, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India;1. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Crop Science Discipline, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa;2. University of KwaZulu-Natal, African Centre for Crop Improvement (ACCI), Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa;1. Center of Advanced study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India;2. Department of Botany, Scottish Church College, 1&3, Urquhart Square, Kolkata, 700006, West Bengal, India;1. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Crop Science Discipline, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa;2. University of KwaZulu-Natal, African Centre for Crop Improvement (ACCI), Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa;1. Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, India;2. Regional Research Station, Punjab Agricultural University, Bathinda 151 001, India |
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| Abstract: | Gynoecism has been used on a large scale in heterosis breeding of cucumber. Production of hybrid seeds in bitter gourd is highly expensive because it is done mainly through hand pollination. But utilization of a gynoecious line would be more economical and easier method. Since gynoecious parent has only female flowers, the open pollinated seeds it produces will be F1 hybrid. It will reduce the cost of male flower pinching and hand pollination. Two gynoecious lines, DBGY-201 and DBGY-202 were crossed with two monoecious cultivars, “Pusa Do Mausami” and “Pusa Vishesh” and their F2 populations were observed to determine the inheritance pattern of gynoecious sex form. Another experiment was conducted to determine magnitude of heterosis by utilizing nine inbred lines including one gynoecious line, DBGY-201 in diallel (without reciprocal) mating system. All the gynoecious hybrids showed significant heterosis in a desirable direction for traits like sex ratio (male:female), days to first picking, number of fruits per plant, yield per plant, and vine length. The segregation pattern in F2 suggested that gynoecious sex form in bitter gourd was governed by single recessive gene. The gynoecious hybrids DBGY-201 × “Pusa Vishesh” and DBGY-201 × “Pusa Do Mausami” were important for early harvest (～50 days after sowing) whereas DBGY-201 × “Priya” and DBGY-201 × “Arka Harit” were promising for higher yield. |
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