近红外光谱技术在天然草地牧草营养价值评价中的应用及展望

近红外光谱技术(NIRS)是近几十年迅速发展的测试分析技术，由于准确、高效、无损等检测优势，在牧草营养价值评价领域得到广泛应用，但是在天然草地牧草方面应用较少。快速、实时评价天然草地牧草营养价值，为研究天然草地营养供给和营养载畜量提供基础数据，对草地畜牧业生产具有重要意义。文章阐述了近红外光谱技术的基本原理和特点，介绍了直接法和间接法评价牧草营养价值，分别从常规营养成分、矿物元素、抗营养成分、营养物质消化率4个层次综述近红外光谱技术在2个方法中的应用，并做出展望，以期建立基于NIRS技术的天然草地牧草营养价值数据库，为天然草地的科学管理和合理利用发挥重要作用。

Application of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) in Assessing Nutritional Value of Natural Grassland Pasture and Its Prospect

As a rapidly developed analysis technology in recent decades, Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) has been widely used in forage nutritional assessment due to its accurate, high efficiency and lossless. Assessing nutritional status of natural pasture accurately and timely can offer basic data of pasture nutrient supply and livestock carrying capacity, and is very important for grassland livestock production. This paper illustrates the principle and characteristics of NIRS, describes the direct and indirect methods to assess nutritive of forage from four levels, including conventional nutrients, minerals, anti-nutrients and nutrient digestibility, and looks into the future of NIRS utilization, in order to set a data base of pasture's nutrition and promote the application of NIRS in natural pasture, and contribute to the scientific management and rational utilization of pasture.