林木耐盐碱相关基因与基因工程研究进展

土地盐渍化是一个全球性的资源与生态问题，严重制约当地经济和社会的发展。随着分子生物学的迅速发展，基因工程为林木耐盐碱新品种培育提供了一条新的途径，一批林木耐盐碱相关基因相继被克隆、功能得到定位，并通过遗传转化获得了一些林木耐盐碱转基因株系。文中综述了近10年与林木耐盐碱相关的渗透调节保护基因、功能蛋白基因、调节蛋白基因、抗氧化酶基因等的克隆及其工程应用2方面的研究进展，并对该领域的未来研究重点进行了探讨，以期为相关研究提供参考。

Research Advances in Gene and Genetic Engineering for Saline-alkaline Tolerance of Forest Trees

Land salinization is a global issue in resources and ecology, and severely restrained the regional economic and social development. With the rapid development of molecular biology, genetic engineering provides a new approach for the cultivation and breeding of new varieties of saline-alkaline tolerant forest trees. A collection of genes related to saline-alkaline tolerance have been cloned and functionally localized, and then some transgenic lines were obtained by genetic transformation. The paper reviewed the progress in the two research fields during the 10 years, i.e., (1) the isolation and cloning of saline-alkaline tolerance-related key genes, such as osmo-regulator protection genes, functional protein genes, regulator protein genes, anti-oxidation enzyme genes, etc.; and (2) their application in genetic engineering. The prospects of future research on this field were also discussed, aimed at providing references for related research.