不同生态区抗虫杂交棉稀植留叶枝效应研究

以江苏大丰和山东惠民为试点,研究了不同生态条件下抗虫杂交棉去、留叶枝处理及其与密度的互作效应。结果表明:在一定密度范围内,留叶枝处理对株高有一定的抑制作用,而对果枝数没有明显影响,不同密度处理对单株叶枝数影响不大,但随着密度的增加,有效叶枝数减少;除大丰试点最高密度处理外,不同密度下留叶枝处理的皮棉产量均高于去叶枝处理,大丰和惠民两试点分别平均增产5.41%和12.90%;大丰试点以1.8万株/hm2留叶枝处理组合最优,其次为2.4万株/hm2留叶枝处理组合,惠民试点则以3.75万株/hm2留叶枝处理组合产量最高,其次为4.2万株/hm2留叶枝处理组合。研究结果进一步表明,结合稀植简化整枝栽培技术推广杂交棉,是实现杂交棉高产高效的重要手段。

Effects of Reducing Density and Retaining Leafy Shoots on Insect-resistant Hybrid Cotton in Different Ecological Regions

Dafeng Jiangsu and Huimin Shandong were selected as experimental plots to study the effects of removing or retaining leafy shoots of insect-resistant hybrid cotton and their interaction with plant density in different ecological conditions.The results showed that retaining leafy shoots had certain inhibition effects on plant height while it had no obvious effect on fruit branch number in a certain density range.Different density treatments had little effect on the number of leafy shoots per plant,but effective leafy shoot number decreased with density increasing.Except the maximal density treatment in Dafeng,the yields of retaining leafy shoots were higher than those of removing leafy shoots in different densities.The average yields in Dafeng and Huimin increased by 5.41% and 12.90% respectively.The combination of 1.8×104 plants per hectare and retaining leafy shoots was the optimum in Dafeng and then the combination of 2.4×104 plants per hectare and retaining leafy shoots,while 3.75×104 plants per hectare and retaining leafy shoots was the optimum combination in Huimin and then 4.2×104 plants per hectare and retaining leafy shoots.The results further revealed that extending hybrid cotton combined with the cultivation technology of reducing plant density and simplifying pruning was a significant measure to realize high yield and high benefit of hybrid cotton.