Ecopath—一种生态系统能量平衡评估模式

Ｅopath模式是一种研究生态系统的工具。它根据能量平衡原理，用线性齐次方程组描述生 态系统的生物组成和能量流动过程，定量某些生态学参数，用于深入研究生态系统的特征和变化。本文介绍了Ｅopath模式的理论方法以及如何建立生态系统Ｅcopath模型和调试模型和调试模型，试图扩大其应用。最后简要地给出两个Ｅcopath模型应用实例，一个是美国阿拉斯加威廉姆王子湾生态系统Ｅco-path模型，它用５０个生物组成较为全面地描述该生态

ECOPATH MODEL- A MASS-BALANCE MODELING FOR ECOSYSTEM ESTIMATION

Ecopath modeling is a new ecosystem research method developed in the recent more than ten years. The ecosystem modeled by Ecopath uses a set of simultaneous linear equations based on the mass-bal- ance principle. The model estimates the ecosystem component parameters (such as biomass, production/ biomass, consumption/biomass, trophic level and ecotrophic efficiency) and presents them as data on trophic flow through ecosystem paths for study on the ecosystem characteristics and changes. The Ecopath model can be built using the ECOPATH software on a PC computer. This paper contributes to the understanding of the theory of Ecopth modeling and discusses the construction of an Ecopath model. Two Ecopath models are presented in the last section, One is Alaska's Prince William Sound model, which consists of 50 biological groups or boxes to describe more details of the ecosystem. Another is the preliminary Ecopath model with only 13 groups for the Bobal Sea ecosystem in China.