重庆市南山梅花恢复生长势及适应性品种选择

该文以３８０株衰弱梅树为研究对象，同时引进５５个梅花品种进行试验研究．从１９９１年底至１９９５年初，重新规划定植梅花７０６株，占地０．３７ｈｍ２，同时建立了品种圃，按梅花生物学特性进行科学管理．通过治理病虫、修剪、改土、加强肥水管理等一系列措施，使衰弱株恢复树势．在试验期内，连续进行生长势测定．所测衰弱株３００株的平均值为：树高达到２．３１ｍ，增高１．０２ｍ；冠径达到１．９６ｍ，增大１１９ｍ；干径达到２．１ｃｍ，增大１．１ｃｍ．品种株５０株平均值：树高达到２２９ｍ，增高０．６４ｍ；冠径达到１．７３ｍ，增大０．７７ｍ；干径达到２．８ｃｍ，增大０．９ｃｍ．这些数字表明树势普遍得到恢复，梅株基本无病虫，９０％开花．还从５５个品种中筛选出２２个适应本地环境条件生长的优良品种，以备推广．

Restoring of Growth Potential and Selection of Adaptative Cultivars of Mei Flowers in Nanshan mountain,Chongqing

From the end of 1991 to the beginning of 1995,380 weak Mei flower trees had been researched;meanwhile,the introduction experiment of 55 Mei cultivars was carried out.Through a series of management measures,such as pest and disease control,pruning,soil improvement,watering and fertilizing,the growth potential of weak trees was restored.The continuous measurement shows that,the average height of the 300 weak trees reached to 2.31 m,increased by 1.02 m;crown width reached to 1.96 m,increased by 1.19 m;stem diameter reached to 2.1 cm,increased by 1.1 cm.The average values of the 50 cultivar trees:height up to 2.29 m with 0.64 m increase,crown width up to 1.73 m with 0.77 m increase,stem diameter up to 2.8 cm with 0.9 cm increase.22 elite cultivars adaptative to the local environment were finally selected.