泸州荔枝果园AM真菌菌根及孢子数量调查与分析

[目的]对泸州荔枝园AM真菌进行调查,确认荔枝菌根类型,了解果园土壤中AM真菌孢子种群数量的大致情况。[方法]利用"湿筛法"和Phllips&Hayman的方法对3个泸州荔枝果园春季的土壤AM真菌进行了调查分析。[结果]荔枝菌根是内生菌根,共生真菌为囊泡——丛枝菌根真菌,即AM真菌。春季的菌根感染率在9%~32%之间,普遍低于25%。VA菌根感染率的平均值在15%~21%之间,低于25%。三个荔枝园每25 g土样中AM真菌孢子数平均值为869±76个。[结论]果园生草或对果园进行有机覆盖,是促进荔枝生长,增加荔枝果实产量,改善荔枝果实品质的一种绿色环保途径。

Investigation and Analysis on Mycorrhize and Spore Quantity of AM Fungi in Luzhou Litchi Orchards

[Objective] The purpose was to investigate AM fungi in Luzhou litchi orchards,confirm mycorrhize type associated with litchi and know the approximate situations of spores population quantity of AM fungi in orchard soil.[Method] The AM fungi in soil of 3 litchi orchards of Luzhou in spring were investigated and analyzed by "wet screening" and Phillips & Hayman methods.[Result] Litchi mycorrhize was endomycorrhiza and its symbiotic fungi were vesicle-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,being AM fungi.The mycorrhizal infection rate in spring was between 9% and 32%,being lower than 25% generally.The average of VA mycorrhizal infection rate was between 15% and 21%,being lower than 25%. The average spore number of AM fungi in every 25 g soil sample from 3 litchi orchards was 869 ± 76.[Conclusion] Orchard with grass or orchard with organic coverage was a green environmental protection way to promote the growth,increase fruit yield of litchi and improve fruit quality of litchi.