菌根对林木生理代谢影响研究进展

菌根作为自然界中最为普遍的一种植物-微生物共生体存在于绝大多数树种的根系中，具有较强的生态适应性和可塑性。在林木菌根形成过程中，菌根真菌参与根系乃至整个林木的生理代谢活动，从而促进林木生长，增强其抗逆性。因此，探究菌根对林木生理代谢的影响及作用机理是林木菌根应用的基础，具有重要的现实意义和科学价值。文中综述了近10余年来国内外有关外生菌根和丛枝菌根对于改善林木碳素营养，促进林木对氮、磷等矿质元素吸收、转运的途径与机制，以及在抗旱性、抗病性、抗重金属等生理代谢方面的研究进展，分析了当前我国林木菌根研究中存在的问题，并对未来研究进行展望，以期为我国林木菌根研究与应用提供参考。

Research Advances in Mycorrhizal's Effects on Physiological Metabolism of Trees

As one of the most common symbionts of plant and micro-organism in natural ecosystems,mycorrhizae occur in roots of the majority of tree species with strong ecological fitness and plasticity. In mycorrhizae formation of trees,mycorrhizal fungi are involved in physiological metabolism activities of roots and even the whole tree,thus enhancing tree growth and increasing its resistance to stress. Investigating the effects and functioning mechanism of mycorrhizae on tree physiological metabolism is therefore the foundation of mycorrhizal application,which is of high practical importance and scientific value. The paper reviewed the pathway and mechanisms of ectomycorrhizae and arbuscular mycorrhizae to improve carbon nutrition and promote the absorption and transportation of mineral nutrients such as nitrogen,phosphorus,etc.,as well as the research on physiological metabolism of tolerance or resistance to drought,disease and heavy metal,etc. in the recent decade. It also analyzed the current problems in the study of tree mycorrhizal in China,and prospected the future research. The objective is to provide references for tree mycorrhizal study and application in China.