Phillyrin produced by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, an endophytic fungus isolated from Forsythia suspensa

To investigate the phillyrin-producing endophytic fungi from the medicinal plant Forsythia suspensa, a total of 24 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from the healthy stems, leaves and fruits of the plant, 9 from stems, 5 from leaves, and 10 from fruits respectively. All fungal isolates were fermented in liquid PDA medium and their extracts were preliminary analyzed by TLC. One isolated strain G10, which was from the fruit of F. suspensa, had the same R_f value as authentic phillyrin. The potential phillyrin-producing fungus G10 was further analyzed by HPLC and HPLC-MS, and the results showed that the isolate G10 possessed of a retention time and ion peaks identical with the authentic compound phillyrin. The isolate G10 was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides based on the morphological characteristics and ITS sequence analysis. The current research indicates that the numerous endophytic fungi inside the medicinal plants are precious resource for the pharmaceutical natural products that are originally from the plants.