美国湿地保护的法律体系借鉴

我国现存湿地有约40%的面积面临着严重退化的威胁,近50年来,因为人为活动丧失了至少40%以上的自然湿地。面积急剧减少、生物多样性下降、水资源的不合理利用、生物资源的过度开发以及污染的日益加剧等,导致湿地生态综合服务功能急剧下降甚至丧失,湿地资源亟待保护与恢复。美国在发展过程中也经历了对湿地的不合理利用和破坏过程,在不断总结经验的基础上,美国建立了湿地保护完整的法律体系,使湿地得到有效保护。本文对美国湿地保护管理有关的主要法律进行了介绍,对我国建立湿地保护的法律体系提出了建议。

Learning of Legal System in Wetlands Conservation in USA

The extant wetland of our country has threat that about 40% of the area faces degradating seriously, more than 40% of the natural wetlands has lost because of the artificial activity in recent 50 years. The area reduces greatly, bio-diversity declines sharply, the water resource was used unreasonably,the living resources were over exploitated and pollution became more acute day by day. The comprehensive service function of the wetland ecology is dropped suddenly even lost,so the wetlands resources demand urgently to protect and resume.The unreasonable use of the wetland and the destroyed course have gone through in U.S.A.. On the basis of summarizing experience constantly,the intact legal system of protecting the wetland was set up in U.S.A. . the wetland was protected effectively. The main relevant laws of protecting and managing American wetland were introduced and some suggestions of constructing wetland protection legal system of China were put forward in this paper.