新疆杏品种授粉生物学初探

对大果胡安娜、塞买提等8个新疆杏品种进行授粉试验.结果表明:各品种自然授粉结实率在5.1%～13.4%之间,自然结实情况较好;自花结实率较低,在0～7.1 %之间,其中大果胡安娜、黑叶杏、塞买提自花不实;各品种自然授粉结实率均比自花授粉结实率高;其中阿克西米西自然结实率和自花结实率均最高,分别为13.4%和7.1%;异花授粉与自然授粉结实率相比,在各杂交组合中,结实率较高的组合是佳娜丽×黑叶杏、佳娜丽×塞买提、阿克牙克勒克×塞买提和阿克牙格勒克×黑叶杏,分别为15.5%、9.6%、8.8%和7.3%,即黑叶杏和赛买提异花授粉树比自然授粉坐果率有显著提高,而佳娜丽和阿克牙格勒克相对下降.其他组合的结实率较低.

Exploration of the Pollination Biology of Eight Apricot Varieties in Xinjiang

The studies were conducted on the pollination biology of 8 Xinjiang excellent apricot varieties that are Daguohuanna,Saimaiti.etc.The results were as follows: Spontaneous pollination percentages of fertile fruit of 8 apricot varieties were between 5.1~13.4%;self-pollination percentages of fertile fruit of more varieties were all lower,they were between 0.0~7.1%.8 apricot varieties,their spontaneous pollination percentages of fertile fruit of were higher than their self-pollination percentages.Among them,Akeximixi,its spontaneous pollination percentages of fertile fruit and self-pollination percentages were all the highest,was 13.4% and 7.1% respectively.Self-pollination of Daguohuanna,Heiyexing and Saimaiti can't fruit setting.Comparison between cross-pollination and spontaneous pollination of different apricot varieties,Percentages of fertile fruit of four groups Jianali Heiyexing,Jianali Saimaiti,Akeyageleke Saimaiti and Akeyageleke Saimaiti were higher than others,which were respectively 15.5%,9.6%,8.8% and 7.3%.That were Heiyexing and Saimaiti,their Cross-pollination percentages of fertile fruit were higher than their spontaneous pollination percentages of fertile fruit,then Jianali and Akeyageleke were declined.Other groups' cross-pollination percentages of fertile fruit were declined significantly.