滨州紫花苜蓿田蚜虫天敌种类调查与分析

目的]为苜蓿蚜虫生态调控提供依据。方法]2004￣2006年对山东省滨州市紫花苜蓿田蚜虫天敌种类进行调查和鉴定,对优势天敌进行了系统观测。结果]滨州苜蓿蚜天敌有38种,主要有蚜茧蜂、瓢虫、食蚜蝇、食蚜蝽、草蛉、蜘蛛6大类,其中以燕蚜茧蜂、烟蚜茧蜂、黑带食蚜蝇、大灰食蚜蝇、龟纹瓢虫、星豹蛛等为优势种。结论]建议准确掌握天敌发生发展规律,创造有利于天敌生存、繁殖的条件,使天敌迅速发展;在大片的紫花苜蓿田中,适当种植冬小麦、油菜、半春玉米等,避免作物单一化;搞好天敌预测预报工作,减少化学防治次数。

Investigation and Analysis on Natural Enemy Species Against Aphid in Alfalfa Field in Binzhou

Objective] The study aimed to supply basis for ecological regulation on alfalfa aphid.Method] Natural enemy species against aphid in alfalfa field in Binzhou City of Shandong Province were investigated and identified and the dominant natural enemies were observed systematically in 2004~2006.Result] There were 38 species of natural enemies against black bean aphid,mostly being 6 classes such as aphid parasitoids,lady bugs,syrphus,sting bugs food on aphid,instar green lacewing and spiders.Swallow aphid parasitoids,aphidius gifuensis,predaceous syrphid fly(episyrphus balteatus De Geer),syrphus corollae fabricius,propylaea japonica and pardosa astrigera L.Koch were dominant species among them.Conclusion]It was suggested to master the happening and developing law of natural enemies accurately,create the favorable conditions for survive and reproduction of natural enemies and make them develop rapidly.The crop simplification should be avoided through planting winter wheat,rape and semi-spring maize suitably in large alfalfa field.Besides it was favorable to do natural enemies prediction and reduce chemical control times.