Changes in the phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity in developmental maize kernels and expression profiles of phenolic biosynthesis-related genes |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Grain Science and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India;2. Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, Manasagangothri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, India;1. Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, 250 Ellis Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2;2. Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, 209 Human Ecology Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2;3. Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, 196 Innovation DriveSmart Park, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3C 6C5;4. Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Hospital Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R2H 2A6;1. Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;2. Plant Breeding Research Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;3. Department of Food Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;4. USDA-ARS Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA |
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| Abstract: | Phenolic compounds have various nutritional and functional properties, especially antioxidant activity. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the phenolic compound accumulation, antioxidant property and gene expression during maize kernel development. In this study, we explored the effects of developmental stage on the accumulation of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activities. The expression levels of genes involved in phenolic biosynthesis were also studied. The results showed that the total phenolic content (TPC) and total anthocyanin content (TAC) were gradually increased from 15 to 48 days after pollination (DAP), whereas the total flavonoid content (TFC) decreased continuously. The antioxidant activity of maize kernels was increased gradually and positively associated with TPC. ZmCHSs in flavonoid biosynthetic pathway played important roles for total flavonoid accumulation at both early and later development stages. The expression pattern of ZmANS corresponded to the accumulation of total anthocyanin during kernel development. These results revealed that developmental stage affected the accumulation of different phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and related gene expression. The antioxidant activity of maize kernels was dependent on the total phenolic accumulation which was related to the expression profiles of the genes participated in phenolic synthesis. |
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| Keywords: | Maize kernel development Phenolic biosynthesis Antioxidant activity Gene expression |
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