Treatment Efficiency of Combination Therapy With Diminazene Aceturate and Quinapyramine Sulfate in a Horse With Dourine |
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| Institution: | 1. National Committee on Agricultural Research in Mali (CNRA), Bamako, Mali;2. CIRAD, French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, UMR INTERTRYP, Toulouse F-31076, France;3. INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, France;4. National Veterinary School of Toulouse (ENVT), 23 chemin des Capelles Toulouse 31300, France;5. Emerit expert, UMR SELMET, International Cooperation Centre on Agricultural Research for Development (CIRAD), National Institute on Agricultural Research, Food and Environment (INRAe), Montpellier Supagro, Montpellier F-34398, France;6. Regional Animal Health Centre (RAHC), Bamako, Mali;7. Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6517658978, Iran;8. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari 70010, Italy;9. Non-Tsetse Transmitted Animal Trypanosomes (NTTAT) group of WAHO (World Animal Health Organization), Paris, France;1. National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;2. Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan 17024, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;1. Center for Parasitic Organisms, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China;2. National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasitology and Vector Biology of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China;3. Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre and Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, UK;4. School of Life Science, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, P.R. China;1. Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan 17024, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;2. National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;3. Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;4. Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Dourine is a lethal protozoan disease of equids, and it is caused by Trypanosoma equiperdum infection via coitus. To date, treatment strategies against the dourine are not recommended because of the frequent relapses; therefore, the World Organisation for Animal Health recommends the stamping-out policy for the control of dourine. Our previous studies have revealed a number of horses with dourine in Mongolia that is the fifth largest horse-breeding country. It is difficult to apply the stamping-out policy for cases of dourine in Mongolia because of an inadequate livestock guarantee system. Therefore, the development of effective treatment measures is an urgent need. In this study, an 8-year-old stallion was definitely diagnosed with dourine based on clinical signs, molecular analysis, and microscopic examination of trypanosomes. Combination therapy with diminazene aceturate and quinapyramine sulfate was applied. Before the treatment, the characteristic clinical signs of dourine were observed, and trypanosomes were detected in the urogenital tract mucosal swab samples by microscopic examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Moreover, positive serological results were obtained. After the treatment, we observed an improvement in the health of the treated horse and no trypanosome infection in its urogenital tract by microscopic examination and PCR. Moreover, serological tests showed seronegative results. The horse has showed no relapse for at least 2.5 years after the treatment, and its reproductive ability has improved. Our result suggests that trypanosomes did not invade cerebrospinal fluid when we started the therapy. In conclusion, the combination therapy has therapeutic potential against dourine at an early phase. |
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| Keywords: | Combination therapy Diminazene aceturate Dourine Quinapyramine sulfate |
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