Effect of Scan Plane and Arthrography on Visibility and Interobserver Agreement of the Equine Distal Sesamoidean Impar Ligament on Magnetic Resonance Images |
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| Institution: | 1. Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany;2. Equine Referral Hospital, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, UK;1. Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;2. Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;3. Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;2. Faculty of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK;3. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt;4. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;1. Neuroradiology Service, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Clinique Vétérinaire de la côte fleurie, Deauville, France;3. Neurology Service, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland;4. Haras de la haie neuve, Mondevert, France;5. Clinique Equine de la Boisrie, Chailloué, France |
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| Abstract: | In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, moderate to severe changes of the distal sesamoidean impar ligament (DSIL) were found in horses with lameness localized to their feet. Histologic abnormalities were detected more commonly in lame horses. Because of its heterogeneity and small thickness, evaluation of the DSIL in MRI can be challenging. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal sequence and the ideal transverse perpendicular angle for visualization of the DSIL before and after arthrography of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ). Twenty-five cadaver forelimbs were examined with low-field MRI. Sagittal, frontal, and three different angled transverse planes were obtained before and after arthrography of the DIPJ. All planes were acquired in T1w (weighted) Gradient Recall Echo (GRE), T21w GRE, T2w Fast Spin Echo (FSE), and Short Tau Inversion Recovery (STIR) FSE and visualization of the DSIL was scored by two observers. Visualization of the DSIL was best on sagittal T2w FSE and STIR FSE images. All transverse planes were inferior compared with sagittal sequences. After arthrography of the DIPJ, visualization of the DSIL origin improved in sagittal T2w FSE sequences, and agreement between observers increased for sagittal T2w FSE and STIR FSE images. Sagittal T2w FSE and STIR FSE images allowed good visualization of the DSIL in low-field MRI. Visualization of the DSIL did not improve for altered angled transverse sequences but increased with arthrography of the DIPJ. Subjective influence between different observers was found but decreased with DIPJ arthrography. |
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| Keywords: | Horse Foot MRI Ligament Podotrochlear |
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