Antibody Responses Against Equine Influenza Virus Induced by Concurrent and by Consecutive Use of an Inactivated Equine Influenza Virus Vaccine and a Modified Live Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 Vaccine in Thoroughbred Racehorses |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan;2. Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido, Japan;3. The Horse Racing School, Japan Racing Association, Chiba, Japan;4. Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;5. The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan;6. Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI;1. EQUINOVA Research Group, Veterinary School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. MULTILAB, Veterinary School of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | An inactivated equine influenza virus (EIV) vaccine and a live equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) vaccine are usually administered concurrently to Thoroughbred racehorses in Japan. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether concurrent administration of an inactivated EIV vaccine and a live EHV-1 vaccine in Thoroughbred racehorses influences the antibody response against EIV. We compared the antibody response against EIV in horses administered both vaccines on the same day (Group A; n = 27) and the response in horses administered an inactivated EIV vaccine first and then a live EHV-1 vaccine 1–2 weeks later (Group B; n = 20). In both groups, geometric mean hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers against A/equine/Ibaraki/1/2007 and A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 increased significantly after EIV vaccination. However, the percentage of horses that showed a twofold increase or greater in HI titers against A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 was significantly higher in Group B (75%) than in Group A (37%; P = .02). These results suggest that the concurrent use of an inactivated EIV vaccine and a live EHV-1 vaccine reduced the immune response against EIV to some extent, and it would be better to use these vaccines consecutively, especially for naïve horses or horses whose vaccination history is incomplete. |
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| Keywords: | Antibody response Equine herpesvirus Equine influenza virus Inactivated vaccine Live vaccine |
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