略论黄河中游水土流失重点区坡耕地整治

本文在分析试验观测与调查资料基础上,讨论了黄河中游水土流失重点区坡耕地整治方略。指出坡耕地干旱低产的主要原因,不是雨水的直接流失,而是因径流冲刷地表引起土壤结构和肥力破坏造成的。整治坡耕地必须全面规划、综合治理,以合理利用土地为前提,以实现“两改一变”为目标,将坡地修平同培肥土壤紧密结合起来。提出了不同类型区土地利用布局、高产稳产基本农田主攻方向以及培肥土壤指标与主要措施。

Renovate the Sloping Farmland in Key Area of Soil Loss in Middle Yellow River Basin

Strategy and method of management of the sloping farmland in major soil loss area in middle Yellow River basin is dealt with in this paper,based on analysing the experimental data and investigative informations. The author considers that the main reason of leading sloping farmland to drought and low yields is not the derect soil loss caused by rainfall,but the deterioration of soil structure and fertility by the erosion of runoff. Taking rational land utilization as prerequisite and realization of high yield and stable harvest as goal, comprehensive planning and overall manage-ment should be made in which construction of terrace is to be corporated with fer-tilzing the soil on the sloping farmland. General layout of land utilization in different zone, main approaches of basic farmland for high and stable yields, and in dexes and major measures of fertilizing soil are discussed.