晋西黄土残塬区人工集流场形式优化设计

在黄土残塬地区，旱井作为解决当地农业用水的一种有效途径，已被越来越多的人所认同。而在旱井集雨系统中，旱井集流场所汇集的降雨径流及其含沙率的多少，又直接关系到工程效益的发挥和寿命的长短。该文利用人工降雨试验，并辅以天然降雨观测，系统分析了旱井系统中人工集流场的产流量、产沙率、集流效率与下垫面材料、坡度、雨强的关系，最终遴选出适合当地条件的最优坡度及下垫面材料。研究认为在经济、便捷与高效的原则下，采用5°左右坡的裸露夯实黄土面，可有效利用当地有限的雨水资源。

Optimum design of artificial rainwater catchment in broken loess plateau in western Shanxi Province

In the broken loess plateau, it has been approved that storing rainwater in wells is an effective way of meeting agricultural water demand. And in the system of storing rainwater in wells, the amounts of the surface runoff yield and silt concentration are related to the benefit and its lifespan. In order to solve the key problem, based on the experiments of artificially simulated rainfall, and assistance with the measures of natural rainfall, the relationships among the surface runoff yield, silt concentration, catching runoff efficiency and the material of surface, slope gradient, rainfall intensity were analyzed systematically. Then, the best slope gradient and material of surface are chosen. Following the principle of economy, convenience and high efficiency, the artificial rainwater catchment of uncovered and tamped loess at a slope of about 5°, is an effective way to utilize the limited local rainwater resources.