人工培养液在植原体昆虫介体筛选中的适用性

研究了一种人工培养液对各种常见的昆虫(主要是叶蝉)的亲和性和适用性.结果表明,该人工培养液适于本试验中大多数昆虫的人工饲养.用此方法,悬钩子广头叶蝉Macropsis.ftscula Zetterstedt和桤树广头叶蝉Oncopsis alniSchrank分别被再次确认为悬钩子矮化植原体和桤树黄化植原体的传播介体;田旋花麦蜡蝉Hyalesthes obsoletus Signoret再次被确认为葡萄黄化(stolbur)植原体的传播介体.此前,上述三种叶蝉已被传统的人工接种方法鉴定为相应植原体的传播介体.危害桤树的河谷树叶蝉Allygus modestus Scott尽管虫体DNA检测结果经常为阳性,但迄今其人工培养液的检测结果都是阴性,因此,我们认为河谷树叶蝉不是桤树黄化植原体的传播介体.Eppendorf管人工培养液饲养法不仅适用于潜在的植原体介体昆虫的筛选鉴定,而且可用于介体昆虫的生物防治研究.此外,本研究首次发现自然感染了葡萄上的一种被德国人称为"Vergi-lungskrankheit"植原体(AY组)的草地脊冠叶蝉Aprodes makarovi Zachvatkin.

The adaptability of an artificial medium in the screening of phytoplasma insect vectors

The affinity and fitness of an artificial medium for various insects(mainly leafhop-pers)were evaluated.The artificial medium was found to be suitable to most of the insects investigated.Using this artificial culturing method,leafhoppers Macropsis fuscula and Oncopsisalni are reconfirmed as phytoplasma vectors of rubus stunt phytoplasma and alder yellow phyto-plasma respectively.Leafhopper Hyalesthes obsoletus is also reconfirmed as vector of the grapevine stolbur phytoplasma.Previously these three kinds of leafhoppers were identified as phyto-plasma vectors by tedious bioassay method.Although leafhopper Allygus modestus that feed onalder trees are often tested positive,so far their medium are all negative by nested PCR detection.We tentatively conclude that A.moclestus is not a vector of alder yellow phytoplasma.Thismethod is useful not only for the screening of potential phytoplasma vectors but also for the research of their bio-control.Natural infected leafhopper Aphrodes makarovi by so called "Vergil-bungskrankheit" phytoplasma(aster yellow group)was discovered in this research.