鸡葡萄球菌病发病机理的研究

本实验采用多种途径感染,系统地研究了鸡葡萄球菌病的发病机制、菌血症出现的时间、细菌在体内的分布,并对病变模式作了详细观察。结果表明,静脉、肌肉和关节途径最敏感,皮下、呼吸道、腹腔和眼睛途径次之,而消化道不敏感。细菌在体内主要分布于肝脏、脾脏、其次在肾、肺和心脏。静脉接种鸡只持续出现菌血症,皮下、腹腔、气管、眼睛和消化道途径均在感染12小时后出现菌血症,而肌肉和关节途径分别在6和24小时后出现。除消化道途径外,其它七种途径均可形成不同程度的典型病理变化,静脉、肌肉和关节途径感染可导致骨髓炎和关节炎的发生。组织学观察表明,鸡葡萄球菌病对免疫器官的发育和功能有一定的抑制和破坏作用。

STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF STAPHYLOCOCCOSIS IN CHICKENS

Various infection routes were used to study systematically the pa-thogenesis of staphylococcosis in chickens, the time that bacteremia occurred,organ distributions of bacteria,and pathological changes. The results showed that intravenous, intramuscular and joint sac routes were the most sensitive ones, the sensitivity of subcutanous, respiratory, intraperitoneal and eye routes were the next ones to the former, but the alimentary tract was not sensitive. Staphylococtus aureus colonized mainly in the liver and spleen, to a lesser extent in the kidney, lung, and heart. Bacteremia occurred consistently in the intravenous group. The staphylococci were isolated from the blood after 12 hours in subcutanous, intraperitoneal, eye, respiratory tract, alimentary tract groups. After 6 and 24 hours, the staphylococci were present in the muscle and joint sac,respectively. Except alimentary tract, the other seven routes all produced characteristic pathomorphological changes. Intravenous,intramuscular and joint sac groups produced osteomyelitis and arthritis. The histopathological observation suggests that infection of chickens with staphylococcus aureus inhibits and destroys the development and function of the immune organs.