气候变化对伊春林区森林火灾的影响

利用黑龙江省伊春林区1961~2003年逐日气象资料、火灾资料,采用气候统计分析方法,分析伊春林区近43年来气候及森林火灾变化趋势,探讨了气候变化对伊春林区森林火灾的影响。结果表明:近43年来,伊春林区气温呈增高趋势,年降水量呈减少趋势,各季节气温和降水量变化幅度不同;年与各季森林火灾次数总体呈减少趋势,年际变化有明显的阶段性。气温升高、年降水量减少、年平均风速与年降水量反位相配置导致的森林可燃物积累增多和干燥易燃等因素是伊春林区森林火险和火警呈增高趋势的主要气候原因。气候变化对伊春林区森林火灾有潜在增加的趋势,林区森林防火工作将更加严峻。

Influences of Climatic Change on Forest Fire in Yichun Forest Region

Based on daily meteorological and forest fire data of Yichun forest region in Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2003,with climatic statistic analysis method,the change trends of the climate and forest fire were analyzed,the influences of climatic change on the forest fire in Yichun forest region was discussed from 1961 to 2003.The results showed that the change trend of air temperature increased,the ones decreased for yearly rainfall from 1961 to 2003,but the change extents of air temperature and rainfall were different for different season.The frequency of forest fire was basically decreasing for year and different season,the phase characteristic was obvious for year change.Air temperature was increasing,yearly rainfall was decreasing.The correlative configuration was contraty between yearly average wind speed and yearly rainfall,these factors were chief climatic causation for the increasing trend of the forest fire danger and the forest fire alarm in Yichun forest region.These factors resulted in the increasing accumulation of forest fuel.The forest fuel were dryness and flammability.The influencs of climatic change on forest fire were latent increasing trend,the works of prevention and administration were more severe for forest fire.