天然磷脂在食品及药品加工等方面的应用

为研究鲈形目淡水鱼在不同科和种间脂肪酸及磷脂组成的差异，该研究以高体革䱨 (Scortum barcoo)、赤鲈(Perca fluviatilis)、梭鲈(Lucioperca lucioperca)、大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)和罗非鱼(Oreochromis mossambicus)为对象，采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)、高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测(HPLC-ELSD)对以上5种鱼肌肉中的脂肪酸与磷脂进行了分析。结果表明，5种淡水鱼肌肉中共检测出21种脂肪酸，共有的脂肪酸有8种，分别为C_14:0，C_16:0，C_18:0，C_16:1，C_18:1，C_18:2，C_20:5和C_22:6。多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量丰富，PUFA含量除高体革䱨为26.81%之外，其他均大于35%。5种淡水鱼肌肉中共检出6种磷脂，分别为磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、鞘磷脂(SM)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)、溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)、磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)。5种鱼肌肉磷脂中PC含量最高，占据磷脂总量的45.84%~62.55%，PE和PI次之，PS和SM含量相对较少，仅占总磷脂的2.19%~5.27%和2.06%~3.65%。

Neurolipidomics: challenges and developments

In order to study the difference of fatty acid and phospholipid composition in different families and species of Perciformes freshwater fish, we analyzed the fatty acids and phospholipids in muscles of Scortum barcoo, Perca fluviatilis, Lucioperca lucioperca, Micropterus salmoides and Oreochromis mossambicus by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-ELSD). Twenty-one kinds of fatty acids had been detected in those fish. Eight kinds of common fatty acids were detected (C_14:0, C_16:0, C_18:0, C_16:1, C_18:1, C_18:2, C_20:5 and C_22:6). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were rich and the content was higher than 35% except for S. barcoo (26.81%). Six kinds of phosphatidylcholine were detected in those fish, including phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylinositol (PI), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), phosphatidylcholine (PS) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). The PC contents in those fish muscles phospholipids were the highest, accounting for 45.84%−62.55% of total phospholipid, followed by PE and PI contents. The PS and SM contents were relatively low, accounting for only 2.19%−5.27% and 2.06%−3.65% of total phospholipids.