新一代杀虫剂: 在叶部能稳定应用的dsRNA

核酸农药是一类可以特异性地结合靶标生物中特定基因转录的信使RNA的多核苷酸，通过靶标生物体内天然存在的RNA干扰系统沉默相应基因的表达，从而干扰靶标生物的正常生长及其对寄主植物的危害，最终达到保护植物的目的。相对于传统农药而言，核酸农药因其具有特异性较强、开发成本较低、安全绿色等优点正受到越来越多的关注。本文将围绕核酸农药的防治原理、优势特点及应用现状等方面进行综述，详细介绍以靶标基因为导向研制核酸农药的高效筛选方法及其研究进展，总结分析核酸农药未来发展方向和趋势，以期为核酸农药的进一步研发创制和推广应用提供参考。

The strobilurin fungicides

Nucleic acid pesticides are a kind of polynucleotides that can bind specifically to the messenger RNA encoded by specific genes in target organisms. By silencing the expression of the corresponding genes through the naturally existing RNA interference system in target organisms, nucleic acid pesticides can interfere with the normal growth and virulence of target organisms, and protect plants from pests. Nucleic acid pesticides have been attracting increasing attention because of their higher specificity, lower research and development (R&D) cost, and less adverse impacts on the environment compared with traditional pesticides. Here, we introduce the mechanism of action, the advantages and the latest applied researches of the nucleic acid pesticides. We also summarize the research progress of detailed screening methods of effective nucleic acid pesticides. We then analyze the trend of nucleic acid pesticides in the future. All of the above provide a theoretical and practical basis for further study and application of nucleic acid pesticides.