Current status and future of land surface models |
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| Authors: | Hisashi Sato Akihiko Ito Akinori Ito Takashi Ise Etsushi Kato |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, D2-1(510) Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464–8601, Japanhsato@jamstec.go.jp;3. Center for Global Environmental Research (CGER), National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16–2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8506 Japan;4. Yokohama Institute for Earth Sciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Japan;5. Yokohama Institute for Earth Sciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Japan;6. Graduate School of Simulation Studies, University of Hyogo, Kobe, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Although climate conditions primarily determine the distribution and functioning of vegetation, vegetation also influences climate via biophysical and biogeochemical features such as evapotranspiration, albedo, carbon cycling, trace gas emissions and the roughness of the land surface. Forecasts of rapid climate change during the next 100~200 years, fueled by an increase in greenhouse gases, have motivated the development of land surface models (LSMs) that predict changes in vegetation functions. Here, we review how these models have been developed and used to simulate interactive processes between climate and the land surface. Current limitations and future perspectives of the LSMs are also presented. |
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| Keywords: | Atmosphere-plant-soil linkage biogenic volatile organic compounds land-use changes plant migration soil organic carbon |
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