色素指标对园林彩叶植物叶色表达的影响

[目的]为了探索彩叶植物的叶色表达与色素的关系。[方法]对6种植物叶片用‘英国皇家园艺协会比色卡’进行比色，并分别测定了6种植物叶片中的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和花青素含量，比较了6种植物叶片叶色类型、色素种类、含量以及分布状况。[结果]叶绿素含量的排序为：加杨（绿叶）﹥中红杨（紫绿叶）﹥全红杨（红叶）；青枫（绿叶）﹥紫叶枫（紫红叶）﹥红枫（红叶），而花青素含量的排序正好相反，叶绿素含量与花青素含量呈负相关。植物叶色是由多种色素共同作用的结果，叶绿素越多叶片越绿，花青素越多叶片越红。彩叶植物叶绿素含量占80%左右，类胡萝卜素占17%左右，花青素占3%左右，彩叶植物与绿叶植物的叶绿素含量有差异，但不至于影响其正常的生命活动。[结论]以期为彩叶植物的生产与园林应用提供参考依据。

Effects of Pigment Indicators on the Color Expression of Leaves of the Colored-leaf Garden Plants

[Objective] In this study, the relationship between the pigments and the color expression of leaves of colored-leaf plants was discussed. [Method] The colors of leaf blades of 6 kinds of plants were analyzed with the Royal Horticultural Soci-ety Colour Chart. The chlorophyl content, carotenoids content and anthocyanin con-tent in leaf blades were determined. In addition, the color types of leaf blades, kinds of pigments, pigment contents and pigment distributions of 6 kinds of plants were compared. [Result] The chlorophyl contents ranked as Populus canadensis Moench （green leaves） 〉 Populus deltoids cv. Zhonghuahongye （purple green leaves） 〉 Populus euramericana cv. Quanhong （red leaves）; Acer palmatum Thunb. （green leaves） 〉 Acer palmatum cv. Atropurpureum （purple red leaves） 〉 Acer pal-matum Thunb. cv. Atropurpureum （red leaves）. The ranking of anthocyanin contents was just opposite. The chlorophyl content was negatively related to the anthocyanin content. The leaf color of plants is determined by various pigments. The more the chlorophyl is, the greener the leaf is. The more the anthocyanin is, the redder the leaf is. In the colored-leaf plants, the chlorophyl content represents about 80% of the content of pigments, the carotenoids content represents about 17%, and the an-thocyanin represents about 3%. There is a difference in the chlorophyl content be-tween colored-leaf plants and green plants. However, the relatively low chlorophyl content wil not hamper the normal life activities of colored-leaf plants. [Conclusion] We hoped to provide reference and basis for the production and landscaping of col-ored-leaf plants.