不同营养配方对东方百合鳞茎氮磷钾积累规律的影响

目的]为西宁地区百合鳞茎繁育及切花生产提供合理的配方依据。方法]以从荷兰进口的东方百合杂种系Sorbonne为材料,研究在4种不同来源的营养配方下东方百合生长期间鳞茎的氮磷钾积累及变化规律。结果]在现蕾之前的12周里,各配方下鳞茎中氮、磷、钾含量都急剧下降,鳞茎周径及单球重呈现下降趋势,基质中的养分保持相对稳定状态;在第12周以后,鳞茎的膨大主要靠从基质中吸收的养分,盛花期后,鳞茎除从基质中吸收一部分养分外,地上部养分的回流也促使鳞茎膨大,各配方下鳞茎的氮、磷、钾含量均出现不同程度增加,钾的增长量最大,氮的增长量次之,磷的增长量最小。结论]在现蕾期前,鳞茎主要是养分的源,进入枯萎期后,鳞茎逐渐转变成养分的库。

Study on the Accumulation Law of NPK in the Bulbs of Oriental Lily under Different Nutritional Formulas

Objective] The purpose of the study was to provide reasonable compound basis for bulb propagation and cut flower production of lily in Xining area.Method] With hybrid line Sorbonne of oriental lily imported from Holland as material,the accumulation and variation law of nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium in bulbs in the growth period of oriental lily under nutritional formulas from 4 different sources were studied.Result] In the 12 weeks before floral bud emergence,under all the formulas,the contents of nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium in bulb decreased sharply,both bulb perimeter and single head weight showed decreasing trend and the nutrients in medium was metastable.After the 12th week,the expansion of bulb was mainly supported by the nutrients absorbed from medium.After full-bloom stage,except that the bulb absorbed a part of nutrients from medium,the returning of nutrients from aerial part also promoted the expansion of bulb;under all the formulas,the contents of nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium in bulb showed increment to different degrees,the increment of potassium was biggest,that of nitrogen was secondary and that of phosphorous was smallest.Conclusion] Before floral bud emergence,the bulb was mostly nutrient source;since entering withering stage,the bulb was gradually transformed into nutrient library.