水稻穗上发芽生理生化及颖壳扫描电镜观察

对易萌和不易萌水稻（Oryza sativa ssp.japonica）品种进行扫描电镜观察、穗上发芽1~4d水稻的α-淀粉酶活性和内源激素含量测定。结果表明：易萌品种穗上发芽过程中α-淀粉酶活性较高；IAA、GA1+3、ZR含量也高于不易萌的品种；而ABA含量低于不易萌品种。GA1+3/ABA比值含量的变化与GA1+3含量变化基本一致。扫描电镜观察显示：易萌品种水稻颖壳外表面细胞排列疏松，茸毛较多且孔洞大，萌发孔也大，体现其机械阻力小，易吸水。说明水稻穗上发芽与α-淀粉酶活性，内源激素含量及颖壳结构有关。

Study on the Physiological Biochemistry of Pre-harvest Sprouting and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Glume in Rice

Scanning electron microscopy of easy or uneasy-germinated glumes, determining the contents of endogenous hormones and the activity of α-amylase were studied from 1~4 day pre-harvest sprouting rice (Oryza sativa ssp.japonica). The results showed that the activity of α-amylase and the contents of IAA、GA1+3 and ZR were higher in easy-germinated rice than those in the uneasy-germinated rice, while ABA content in easy-germinated rice was lower than that in uneasy-germinated rice. The change of GA1+3/ABA rate accorded with that of GA1+3. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the cell surface of glume was loose arranged with more villus and bigger hole and germinal aperture, which had lesser mechanism resistance and better water absorptivity in easy-germinated rice. This research also indicated that pre-harvest sprouting related to α-amylase activity, endogenous hormone contents and glume structure in rice.