植物再生相关基因的QTL定位及克隆应用研究进展

植物转基因育种研究已在世界范围内广泛开展并取得辉煌成就,高效转基因的前提是高效的组织培养再生系统。植物组织培养的再生能力受基因型决定,不同基因型间再生能力差异很大,且多为数量性状。对高效转基因育种的追求使得研究再生相关基因显得很重要,国内外在水稻、小麦、玉米、大麦等多种作物上开展了再生相关基因的定位研究,发现了一些QTL位点。在高效再生QTL克隆方面,仅在水稻上克隆了PSR1基因,并确定PSR1为铁氧还蛋白亚硝酸盐还原酶,将PSR1转化到低再生能力的品种中,提高了该品种的再生能力。对植物再生相关基因的QTL定位及克隆应用的研究进展进行综述,并对再生相关基因作为一种新型选择标记的应用前景进行了讨论。

Advances on QTL Location and Cloning of Genes Related to Regeneration Ability of Plant Tissue Culture

The plant transgenic breeding had been widely developed in world scale,and brilliant achievements had been achieved.The high efficient in vitro regeneration system was the premise of high efficient plant transformation system.The regeneration ability of plant tissue culture was determined by genotype.The regeneration ability was controlled by multiple QTLs,and different genotypes of same plant species showed diversified response to tissue culture.QTL analysis had been carried out in rice,maize,wheat and barley,and some QTLs were identified.But so far only PSR1 from rice was cloned.The advances on the genetic mapping and cloning of QTLs for tissue culture response in plants were summarized,and the application prospect of using the genes related to tissue culture response as selectable marker genes was discussed.