四川省近10年审定普通玉米品种主要性状分析

对2005-2014年四川省审定的226个玉米品种的产量、8个农艺性状和5个品质性状进行统计分析,并对其变化趋势进行分析.结果表明,10年间四川省审定的玉米品种平均每667 m2产量为536.66 kg,产量优势不突出;平均生育期、平均株高、平均穗长、平均行粒数、平均穗行数、平均穗位高、平均百粒重、平均出籽率分别为123.26 d、262.96 cm、19.54 cm 、36.45粒、16.32行、104.92 cm、30.78 g、85.35％,年际间差异不大;平均容重为736.66g/L,高于国家一级标准;平均粗蛋白质含量、平均粗淀粉含量、平均粗脂肪含量、平均赖氨酸含量分别为9.99％、73.93％、4.53％、0.31％,整体营养水平不高.指出四川省玉米品种选育应根据生产需要选择适宜当地生态条件的区域品种,继续加大高产、优质玉米新品种选育的投入力度.

Analysis on main traits of corn cultivars certified recently 10 years in Sichuan province

Yield, 8 agronomic traits, 5 nutritional quality traits, and their variation tendency of 226 corncultivars certified during 2005-2014 in Sichuan province were analyzed. The results showed that the average productof certified corn cultivars was 536.66 kg/667m2, but it had no comparative superiority. The average growth period,plant height, ear, kernels per row, rows per ear, 100-seed weight, seed-setting rate was 123.26 d, 262.96 cm, 19.54cm, 36.45 grains, 16.32 rows, 104.92 cm, 30.78 g, 85.35%, respectively, and the inter-annual average variation wasnot obvious. average unit weight was 736.66 g/L, over national first grade. The average crude protein content, crudestarch content, crude fat content and lysine content was 9.99%, 73.93%, 4.53%, 0.31% respectively, which revealedthe nutrition level of these corn cultivars was not high. At last, the paper pointed out that corn breeding in Sichuanprovince should choose the variety optimum ecological condition in practice, and increase input on the breeding ofcorn with high yield and high quality.