云南澜沧县思茅松林虫生真菌多样性研究

【目的】探究云南澜沧县思茅松林虫生真菌多样性组成，为进一步开发、利用和保护思茅松林虫生真菌资源提供理论依据。【方法】 2019—2020年，采用踏查法对云南省澜沧县思茅松林内被虫生真菌感染的罹病虫体进行采集，采用划线法和弹射法对虫生真菌进行分离培养，结合形态学方法对虫生真菌进行种类鉴定。【结果】从物种组成看，云南省澜沧县思茅松林虫生真菌有5属9种，分别为白僵菌属球孢白僵菌和布氏白僵菌、绿僵菌属黄绿绿僵菌和金龟子绿僵菌、棒束孢属细脚棒束孢和环链棒束孢、虫草属高雄山虫草、线虫草属下垂虫草和蜂头虫草，其中球孢白僵菌和细脚棒束孢为优势种，相对多度分别为44.09%和33.33%。从物种多样性分析来看，澜沧县思茅松林下虫生真菌物种多样性丰富，分布均匀，垂直地带分布特征明显。从侵染寄主昆虫种类看，球孢白僵菌的寄主范围最广，共16种，其中鞘翅目昆虫占侵染个体总数的41.46%，叶甲被侵染的数量最多，占29.27%；细脚棒束孢和环链棒束孢的侵染寄主主要为松毛虫和鳞翅目蛹，其中细脚棒束孢的侵染寄主中鳞翅目蛹数量最多，占58.06%；白僵菌、棒束孢和高雄山虫草均可感染松毛虫，白僵菌和绿僵菌均可感染金龟子和膜翅目蚁科。【结论】云南澜沧县思茅松林虫生真菌物种多样性丰富，优势种为球孢白僵菌和细脚棒束孢，在松林害虫生物防治中具有良好潜力，应加强对球孢白僵菌和细脚棒束孢的保护和利用。

Study on diversity of entomogenous fungi in Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis forest in Lancang County，Yunnan Province

【Objective】 To study diversity composition of entomogenous fungi in Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis forest in Lancang County，Yunnan Province，so as to provide theoretical basis for further development，utilization and protection of entomogenous fungi resources in P.kesiya forest.【Method】 From 2019 to 2020，the insect pests infected by entomogenous fungi in P.kesiya forest in Zhutang Township，Lancang County，Yunnan Province were collected by step inspection method，and the entomogenous fungi were isolated and cultured by scribe method and ejection method.The species of the fungi were identified by morphological method.【Result】 Seen from species composition，there were 5 genera and 9 species of entomogenous fungi in P.kesiya forest in Lancang County，Yunnan Province，Beauveria bassiana，B.brongniartii，Metarhizium flavoviride，M.anisopliae，Isaria tenuipe，I.cateniobliqua，Cordyceps takaomontana，Ophiocordyceps nutans，O.sphecocephala，among which B.bassiana and I.tenuipe were the dominant species，the relative abundance was 44.09% and 33.33% respectively.From the analysis of species diversity，the species of entomogenous fungi under P.kesiya forest in Lancang County were diverse，evenly distributed，and the vertical distribution characteristics were obvious.In terms of the types of host insects，B.bassiana had the widest host range，with a total of 16 species.Coleoptera insects accounted for 41.46% of the total number of infected individuals.Of the infected insects，the number of Chrysomelidae was the largest，accounting for 29.27%.The infected hosts of I.tenuipe and I.cateniobliqua were mainly Dendrolimus and Lepidoptera pupae.Among the infected hosts of I.tenuip，the number of Lepidoptera pupae was the largest，accounting for 58.06%.Beauveria，Isaria and C.takaomontana could infect pine caterpillars，while Beauveria and Metarhizium could infect Scarabaeoidea and Hymenoptera Formicidae.【Conclusion】The species of entomogenous fungi in P.kesiya forest in Lancang County，Yunnan Province is diverse.The dominant species are B.bassiana and I.tenuipe，which have great potential in the biological control of pine forest pests.The protection and utilization of these 2 entomogenous fungi should be strengthened.