区域深度贫困出列村脱贫稳定性测度与影响因素识别

[目的]科学测度区域深度贫困出列村脱贫稳定性并识别阻碍因素，为实现稳定脱贫，推动脱贫攻坚成果巩固与乡村振兴有效衔接提供实践支撑。[方法]从自然环境、经济条件、社会资本、人力资源、发展机会5个维度构建脱贫稳定性测度指标体系，采用脱贫稳定性测度方法、障碍度模型等方法对2021年宁夏西吉县深度贫困出列村脱贫稳定性水平及影响因素进行了探究。[结果]研究村域脱贫稳定性总体不高且在不同地理环境下存在差异。稳定脱贫分异类型可识别为单维度约束稳定脱贫型、双维度约束稳定脱贫型和多维度约束稳定脱贫型。新型经营主体数量、消费经营场所数量、农村集体经济收入、牲畜户均养殖数、电商配送点数量、农村居民居住质量指数、地形起伏度等是影响稳定脱贫的主要因素。[结论]研究村域脱贫稳定性有待提高，存在多重返贫风险。未来应立足区域特征，加强不同约束和风险类型下返贫防控策略重构。

Measurement of Poverty Alleviation Sustainability and Influencing Factors Identification in Regional Villages Out of Deep Poverty

[Objective] The aims of this study are to measure poverty alleviation sustainability and identify obstacles in villages out of deep poverty scientifically, so as to provide practical support for achieving the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements and the effective connection of rural revitalization. [Methods] This study constructed an index system for measuring poverty alleviation sustainability from five dimensions: natural environment, economic conditions, social capital, human resources and development opportunities. Taking villages out of deep poverty in Xiji County as the case area, this study measured poverty alleviation sustainability, identified influencing factors in villages out of deep poverty in 2021 by using methods such as methods for measuring poverty alleviation sustainability and the barrier model. [Results] The overall poverty alleviation sustainability was not high and there were differences in different geographical environments. The types of poverty alleviation sustainability differentiation could be identified as single dimensional constraint to sustainability, double dimensional constraint to sustainability and multi-dimensional constraint to sustainability. Number of new business entities and consumer business premises, rural collective economic income, average number of livestock breeding, number of e-commerce distribution points, rural dwelling quality index, amplitude relief were the main factors that affected poverty alleviation sustainability. [Conclusion] The poverty alleviation sustainability of the study village area out of poverty needs to be improved and there are multiple risks of returning to poverty. In the future, the reconstruction of return-to-poverty prevention and control strategies under different constraint and risk types should be strengthened based on regional characteristics.