麦田主要杂草对9种除草剂的敏感性

目的 研究河北省麦田杂草播娘蒿、雀麦、节节麦、大穗看麦娘对常用除草剂的敏感性。方法 采用室内生物测定法,系统测定供试杂草对9种除草剂的敏感性。结果 唑草酮、双氟磺草胺、啶磺草胺、甲基二磺隆、2甲4氯钠、苯磺隆、炔草酯7种药剂,对播娘蒿的GR₅₀值分别为0.26、0.72、1.03、1.87、3.74、7.67、177.63 g a.i./hm ²,氟唑磺隆和精噁唑禾草灵2种药剂对播娘蒿防效较低,未测得GR₅₀值;啶磺草胺、甲基二磺隆、氟唑磺隆、双氟磺草胺、苯磺隆、唑草酮、2甲4氯钠7种药剂,对雀麦的GR₅₀值分别为1.73、3.95、16.21、17.14、132.51、221.48、4 560.31 g a.i./hm ²,其他2种药剂未测得GR₅₀值;甲基二磺隆、啶磺草胺、2甲4氯钠3种药剂对节节麦的GR₅₀值分别为7.02、274.29、16 601.09 g a.i./hm ²,其他6种药剂未测得GR₅₀值;炔草酯、甲基二磺隆、啶磺草胺、精噁唑禾草灵、苯磺隆、双氟磺草胺、氟唑磺隆、2甲4氯钠8种药剂对大穗看麦娘的GR₅₀值分别为4.97、6.73、6.75、91.51、138.78、177.85、202.04、6 995.99 g a.i./hm ²,唑草酮未测得GR₅₀值。 结论 甲基二磺隆可以同时防除禾本科杂草节节麦、雀麦、大穗看麦娘及阔叶杂草播娘蒿,啶磺草胺可以同时防除雀麦、大穗看麦娘和播娘蒿,氟唑磺隆可以防除雀麦,炔草酯和精噁唑禾草灵可以防除大穗看麦娘,唑草酮、双氟磺草胺、2甲4氯钠、苯磺隆可以防除播娘蒿。

Sensitivity of Major Weeds to the 9 Kinds of Herbicides in Wheat Field in Hebei Province,China

【Objective】 The project aims to choose the herbicides with high herbicidal activity to Descurainia sophia, Bromus japonica, Aegilops tauschii and Alopecurus myosuroides in wheat field in Hebei Province. 【Methods】 Glasshouse pot experiments were conducted to systematically determine the susceptibility of tested weeds to herbicides. 【Results】 The GR₅₀ values of carfentrazone-ethyl, florasulam, pyroxsulam, mesosulfuron-methyl, MCPA-Na, tribenuron-methyl and clodinafop-propargyl for Descurainia sophia were 0.26, 0.72, 1.03, 1.87, 3.74, 7.67, and 177.63 g a.i./hm ², respectively. The GR₅₀ values of flucarbazone-Na and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl were not determined, because their control effect on Descurainia sophia was lower. The GR₅₀ values of pyroxsulam, mesosulfuron-methyl, flucarbazone-Na, florasulam, tribenuron-methyl, carfentrazone-ethyl and MCPA-Na for Bromus japonica were 1.73, 3.95, 16.21, 17.14, 132.51, 221.48, 4,560.31 g a.i./hm ², respectively. The GR₅₀ values of the other two agents were not determined. The GR₅₀ value of mesosulfuron-methyl, pyroxsulam and MCPA-Na for Aegilops tauschii was 7.02, 274.29, 16,601.09 g a.i. /hm ². The GR₅₀ values of the other six agents were not determined. The GR₅₀ values of clodinafop-propargyl, mesosulfuron-methyl, pyroxsulam, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, tribenuron-methyl, florasulam, flucarbazone-Na and MCPA-Na for Alopecurus myosuroides were 4.97, 6.73, 6.75, 91.51, 138.78, 177.85, 202.04, 6,995.99 g a.i./hm ², respectively. The GR₅₀ values of carfentrazone-ethyl were not determined. 【Conclusion】 Mesosulfuron-methyl can simultaneously control grass weeds: Aegilops tauschii, Bromus japonica, Alopecurus myosuroides, and broad-leaved weed Descurainia sophia. Pyroxsulamcan can simultaneously control Bromus japonica, Alopecurus myosuroides, and Descurainia sophia. Flucarbazone-Na can control Bromus japonica. Clodinafop-propargyl and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl can control Alopecurus myosuroides. Carfentrazone-ethyl, florasulam, MCPA-Na and tribenuron-methyl can control Descurainia sophia.