陕西秦岭地区生态干扰风险空间分异规律研究

目的]揭示不同自然生态状况、资源环境禀赋以及人类干扰强度条件下秦岭地区的生态风险空间分布规律，对秦岭生态保护具有重要理论意义。方法]以秦岭地区(陕西段)为研究区域，选取坡度、植被覆盖度、土地利用类型、生态空间类型等14个指标，基于层次分析权重赋值法和地理信息系统空间分析技术，构建生态干扰风险评估指标体系和评估模型，开展了秦岭地区(陕西段)生态干扰风险空间分异规律研究。结果]秦岭地区(陕西段)生态干扰风险整体呈现“北高—中低—南中”的空间异质性分布格局，生态干扰较高和高风险区分布在秦岭北麓一带以及汉滨区、汉台区、城固县部分区域。低风险、较低风险、中风险、较高风险和高风险区分别占比26.46%,42.44%,19.92%,8.62%和2.56%。秦岭地区(陕西段)人类活动分布较为集中，占研究区面积11.18%的生态干扰较高和高风险区域集中了研究区内36.26%的人类活动面积，并提出了县域单元生态干扰风险预警机制。结论]陕西秦岭地区生态干扰风险存在显著的空间分异特征，整体生态干扰风险程度较低，研究结果对于秦岭地区人类干扰活动监管策略优化和生态环境保护工作具有重要参考价值。

Research on the Spatial Variation of Ecological Disturbance Risk of the Qinling Belt in Shaanxi Province

Objective] Revealing the spatial distribution patterns of ecological risks in the Qinling region under different natural ecological conditions, resource and environmental endowments and human disturbance intensity is of great theoretical significance for ecological protection in the Qinling region. Methods] The Qinling belt(Shaanxi section)was taken as the study area. The indicator system and evaluation model of ecological disturbance risk were constructed by using 14 factors including slope, vegetation coverage, land use type, and ecological space type and so on. Based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and geographical information system(GIS)spatial analysis function, the indicator system and evaluation model of ecological disturbance risk were constructed. The study on the spatial variation of ecological disturbance risk in the Qinling belt(Shaanxi section)was carried out. Results] There was significant spatial heterogeneity in ecological disturbance risk in the Qinling belt(Shaanxi section), with an overall distribution pattern of ‘high in the north-low in the south-middle in the south'. The areas with high and relatively high ecological disturbance risk were mainly located at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountain and parts of the Hanbin District, Hantai District and Chenggu County. Low risk, relatively low risk, medium risk to relatively high risk and high risk accounted for 26.46%, 42.44%, 19.92%, 8.62% and 2.56%, respectively. It was found that human activities relatively concentrated in the Qinling belt(Shaanxi section), and the areas with the high and relatively high ecological disturbance risk and 11.18% of the study area concentrated 36.26% of the area of human activities in accounting. An early warning mechanism of ecological disturbance risk for county units was proposed. Conclusion] The risk of ecological disturbance in the Qinling region of Shaanxi has significant spatial differentiation characteristics, and the overall ecological disturbance risk level is relatively low, the results of the study can provide important reference value for the optimization of human disturbance activity regulation strategy and ecological environmental protection in the Qinling belt.