植保无人机施药对核桃黑斑蚜和黄刺蛾的田间防效评价

【目的】评价植保无人机施药对核桃黑斑蚜Chromaphis juglandicola (Kaltenbach)和黄刺蛾Cnidocampa flavescens(Walker)的防治效果,为植保无人机防控核桃害虫提供理论依据和技术支撑。【方法】采用植保无人机田间喷雾、调查虫口减退率、计算防治效果、方差分析。【结果】在添加喷雾助剂量为0.5%时,植保无人机在核桃园施药后的农药地面流失率均在10%以内;药后14 d 70%吡虫啉(用量为150 mL/ hm²)对外围核桃黑斑蚜的防治效果最高,为96.05%,平均为80.37%,与22%噻虫·高氯氟(用量为375 mL/ hm²)和25%环氧虫啶(用量为300 mL/ hm²)处理有显著性差异;药后10 d 22%噻虫·高氯氟(用量为525 mL/ hm²)、1.2%烟碱·苦参碱(用量为1 050 mL/ hm²)、3.2%阿维菌素(用量为525 mL/ hm²)对黄刺蛾的防治效果最高,分别为98.17%、90.39%和95.46%,3个处理之间无显著性差异。【结论】在添加喷雾助剂时,植保无人机喷洒70%吡虫啉对核桃黑斑蚜的防治效果在80%以上,22%噻虫·高氯氟、1.2%烟碱·苦参碱和3.2%阿维菌素对黄刺蛾的防治效果在90%以上,在生产中可以利用植保无人机喷洒上述药剂防控核桃黑斑蚜和黄刺蛾。

Field Control Evaluation of Plant Protection UAV Spreading Pesticide against Chromaphis juglandicola and Cnidocampa flavescens in Walnut Orchard

【Objective】 To evaluate the control effects of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as sprayer on Chromaphis juglandicola (Kaltenbach) and Cnidocampa flavescens (Walker) in walnut orchards, so as to provide theoretical reference and technical support for control of walnut pests by plant protection UAV.【Method】 Field spraying with plant protection UAV, investigation of insect pest decline rate, calculation of control effects and variance analysis.【Result】 The ground loss rates of pesticides sprayed with plant protection UAV were less than 10% in walnut orchard after adding 0.5% spray adjuvant. And the control effect of 70% imidacloprid (The dose was 150 g/hm²) was 96.05% against C. juglandicola on the outside leaves and the average control effect was 80.37%, which was significantly higher than that of 22% thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin (The dose was 375 g/hm²) and 25% cycloxaprid (The dose was 300 g/hm²) on the 14 days after application. The average control effects of 22% thiamethoxam · lambda-cyhalothrin (The dose was 525 g/hm²), 1.2%matrine·nicotine (The dose was 1,050 g/hm²) and 3.2% abamectin (The dose was 525 g/hm²) against C. flavescens were 98.17%, 90.39% and 95.46%, respectively on the 10 days after application. There was no significant difference between the three treatments.【Conclusion】 When adding spray adjuvant, the control effect of 70% imidacloprid against C. juglandicola in plant protection UAV is over 80%, the control effects of 22% thiamethoxam·lambda-cyhalothrin, 1.2% matrine·nicotineand 3.2% abamectin against C. juglandicola are 90%.Plant protection UAV can be used to spray the above pesticides to control C. juglandicola and C. flavescens in production.