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草果叶斑病类致病菌对新型低毒药剂的敏感性及交互抗性
引用本文:李纪潮,张金渝,蔡明姬,陈秀花,唐乙云,杨绍兵. 草果叶斑病类致病菌对新型低毒药剂的敏感性及交互抗性[J]. 南方农业学报, 2022, 53(8): 2153-2160. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2022.08.008
作者姓名:李纪潮  张金渝  蔡明姬  陈秀花  唐乙云  杨绍兵
作者单位:1. 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所, 云南昆明 650231;2. 云南省元谋县黄瓜园镇农业农村服务中心, 云南楚雄 652100;3. 云南省贡山县农业农村局, 云南怒江傈僳族自治州 673200;4. 云南省怒江州木本油料产业发展研究所, 云南怒江傈僳族自治州 673200
基金项目:云南省重大科技专项(2019ZG00903);云南省农业科学院科技创新及成果转化试点专项(202002AE320007-01)
摘    要:【目的】筛选高效防治草果叶斑类病害的绿色低毒药剂,为草果叶斑类病害的绿色防控和生态种植提供科学依据。【方法】以3种草果叶斑类病害(炭疽病、叶瘟病和叶斑病)的强致病菌[炭疽菌(Colletotrichum sp.)、灰梨孢菌(Pyricularia grisea)和茎点霉(Phoma sp.]为材料,采用菌丝生长速率法测定6种药剂(嘧霉胺、腈菌唑、咪鲜胺、代森锰锌、嘧菌酯和吡噻菌胺)对草果叶斑病类致病菌株的敏感性和毒力变异系数;通过药剂间交互抗性分析,筛选具有较好协同作用的药剂组合。【结果】吡噻菌胺和咪鲜胺对炭疽菌和灰梨孢菌的毒力最强,与其他药剂的半最大效应浓度(EC50)差异显著(P<0.05),其中吡噻菌胺和咪鲜胺对炭疽菌的EC50平均值分别为0.04和0.08μg/mL,吡噻菌胺对炭疽菌菌丝生长抑制率均在61.68%以上,最高达93.57%。6种药剂对茎点霉均具有较高毒力,EC50介于0.17~4.99μg/mL,其中咪鲜胺和嘧菌酯的毒力最强。6种药剂对3种病原菌的毒力变异系数分析结果显示,吡噻菌胺和咪鲜胺2种...

关 键 词:草果  叶斑病类病害  抗性评价  药剂筛选  交互抗性
收稿时间:2021-11-05

Sensitivity and cross-resistance of pathogen of Amomum tsao-ko leaf spot to new low-toxic fungicides
LI Ji-chao,ZHANG Jin-yu,CAI Ming-ji,CHEN Xiu-hua,TANG Yi-yun,YANG Shao-bing. Sensitivity and cross-resistance of pathogen of Amomum tsao-ko leaf spot to new low-toxic fungicides[J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2022, 53(8): 2153-2160. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2022.08.008
Authors:LI Ji-chao  ZHANG Jin-yu  CAI Ming-ji  CHEN Xiu-hua  TANG Yi-yun  YANG Shao-bing
Affiliation:1. Institute of Medicinal Plant, YunnanAcademy ofAgricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650231, China;2. Agricultural and Rural Service Center, Cucumber Garden Town of Yuanmou County, Chuxiong, Yunnan 652100, China;3. Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Gongshan County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan 673200, China;4 Yunnan Nujiang Prefecture Woody Oil Industry Development Institute, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan 673200, China
Abstract:【Objective】 To screen environmentally friendly low-toxic pesticides to prevent and control leaf spot diseases of Amomum tsao-ko,so as to provide scientific basis for A.tsao-ko leaf spot prevention and control and planting of A.tsao-ko.【Method】 Pathogens of 3 kinds of A.tsao-ko leaf spot(anthracnose,leaf blast and leaf spot disease),Colletotrichum sp.,Pyricularia grisea,and Phoma sp.were taken as material.Mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the sensitivity and virulence coefficient of variation of 6 medicaments(pyrimethanil,myclobutanil,prochloraz,mancozeb,azoxystrobin and penthiopyrad);through cross-resistance analysis between medicaments,combinations of medica-ments with better synergistic effects were screened.【Result】Penthiopyrad and prochloraz had the strongest virulence to Colletotrichum sp.and P.grisea,and their EC50 was significantly different from that of other medicaments(P<0.05).The average EC50 values of penthiopyrad and prochloraz against Colletotrichum sp.were 0.04 μg/mL and 0.08 μg/mL,respectively,mycelial growth inhibition rate of penthiopyrad on Colletotrichum sp.was above 61.68%,and its highest value was 93.57%.Six medicaments had strong virulence to Phoma sp.,with a EC50 of 0.17-4.99 μg/mL,among which prochloraz and azoxystrobin had the strongest virulence.The results of virulence variation coefficient analysis of 6 medicaments against 3 pathogens showed that penthiopyrad and prochloraz had strong virulence,but their variation coefficients were high,indicating they worked differently for pathogens.Based on the correlation analysis of the lgEC50 of penthiopyrad,prochloraz and myclobutanil,these 3 medicaments had high cross-resistance(P<0.01);penthiopyrad and prochloraz had little interaction resistance with pyrimethanil,mancozeb and azoxystrobin.【Conclusion】Compound agent of single agent of penthiopyrad or prochloraz with pyrimethanil,mancozeb and azoxystrobin can be used as a new low-toxicity control agent for prevention and control of A.tsao-ko leaf spot in planting.
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