重离子辐照对小麦籽粒蛋白及加工品质的影响

【目的】探明重离子辐照对小麦籽粒蛋白及加工品质的影响，为小麦优质育种提供新思路和理论依据。【方法】以适宜江苏淮北地区种植的中强筋小麦品种连麦12和中筋小麦品种淮麦20为供试材料，设0(CK)、30、60和90 Gy 4个不同辐照剂量水平，分析不同处理下小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、磨粉品质、面团粉质特性和拉伸特性的变化规律。【结果】重离子辐照对小麦籽粒加工品质产生一定的负效应，随着辐照剂量的增加，连麦12和淮麦20籽粒总蛋白及各蛋白组分含量均明显降低，以总蛋白和谷蛋白含量下降较明显，同时湿面筋含量、容重、沉降值、硬度、粉质参数和拉伸参数也不断降低，在90 Gy辐照剂量下，小麦加工品质指标均降至最低值，连麦12和淮麦20籽粒总蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、稳定时间和拉伸面积分别为13.49%、31.1%、6.8 min、61 cm²和13.19%、28.1%、3.9 min、25 cm²。重离子辐照对小麦品质的影响在2个品种间存在一定差异，30 Gy辐照剂量下，连麦12籽粒总蛋白含量降幅为2.14%，高于淮麦20(1.43%)，而磨粉品质降幅小于淮麦20；当辐照...

Effects of heavy ion irradiation on grain protein and processing quality of wheat

【Objective】Exploring effects of heavy ion irradiation on grain protein and processing quality of wheat,in order to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for high-quality wheat breeding.【Method】Medium-strong gluten wheat Lianmai 12 and medium gluten wheat Huaimai 20,which were suitable for planting in Huaibei region of Jiangsu,were used as test materials. Four irradiation dose treatments of 0(CK),30,60 and 90 Gy were set to analyze changes of grain protein content,milling quality,flour properties and extension properties of wheat.【Result】Heavy ion irradiation negatively influenced grain processing quality of wheat to some extent. As irradiation dose increased,content of total grain protein and its components of Lianmai 12 and Huaimai 20 decreased significantly,with content of total protein and gluten decreased obviously. At the same time,wet gluten content,volume weight,sedimentation value,hardness,flour parameters and extension parameters of wheat decreased. Under 90 Gy irradiation dose,wheat processing quality indexes was the lowest value and total protein content,wet gluten content,stability time and extension area of Lianmai 12 and Huaimai 20 were 13.49%,31.1%,6.8 min,61 cm2 and 13.19%,28.1%,3.9 min,25 cm2 respectively. There were some differences regarding effects of heavy ion irradiation on grain quality between 2 wheat varieties existed. Under 30 Gy irradiation dose,decreasing range of grain toatl protein content of Lianmai 12 was 2.14%,which was higher than that of Huaimai 20(1.43%),while decreasing range of milling quality of Lianmai 12 was lower than that of Huaimai 20;as irradiation dose reached 60 Gy,total protein and milling quality of Lianmai 12 decreased more obviously compared to Huaimai 20. Under irradiation dose of 30-90 Gy,decrease range of farinograph parameter and extension parameter of Huaimai 20 dough was higher than that of Lianmai 12. Under 90 Gy irradiation dose,water absorption rate,stability time,farinograph quality index,maximum extension resistance,extension area and extensibility of Huaimai 20 decreased by 5.18%,30.36%,44.29%,35.51%,45.65%,26.53%,respectively.【Conclusion】Heavy ion irradiation negatively influenced grain quality of wheat mutation population to some extent. Such negative effect grows greater as irradiation dose increases. Low dose of heavy ion irradiation greatly influences milling quality of Huaimai 20 while medium and high dose of heavy ion irradiation greatly influences milling quality of Lianmai 12. In terms of rheological properties,heavy ion sensitivity of Huaimai 20 dough is relatively higher.