乌拉圭草原生态保护与治理机制

乌拉圭拥有丰富的草原资源和发达的畜牧业,草原保护和治理工作在近年取得快速进展,其先进的治理方法和保护措施具有重要参考价值。文中概述乌拉圭草原现状,总结乌拉圭草原生态保护与治理政策及机制;分析我国草原保护及治理工作面临的挑战,包括草原退化形势严峻,畜牧模式存在缺陷,矿业对草原形成威胁,牧民发展生态保护意识淡薄等;在此基础上,提出乌拉圭对我国草原保护的启示:如积极采取多部门联合管理模式、优化轮牧模式、推进草原管理能力建设及宣传工作、加大对以草原为主的国家公园及国家保护区的投资和建设力度、在草原保护中推广高新技术。

Grassland Ecological Protection and Governance Mechanism in Uruguay

Uruguay is rich in grassland resources and owns developed animal husbandry. Its grassland protection and management work has also made rapid progress in recent years. Its advanced governance methods and protection measures could provide important reference value. This paper summarizes the current situation of grassland in Uruguay, the main management policies as well as the governance mechanism adopted in grassland ecological protection and management in Uruguay, analyzes the challenges of grassland protection and management faced by China, including that the situation of grassland degradation is severe, the animal husbandry model has defects, the mining industry poses a threat to the grassland, and the awareness of developing ecological protection is weak; On this basis, it puts forward what China could learn from Uruguay's mode and practices in grassland ecological protection, such as actively adopting the joint management mode of multiple departments, optimizing the rotational grazing mode, promoting the construction and publicity of grassland management capacity, increasing the investment and construction of national parks and national reserves dominated by grasslands, and promoting high-tech in grassland protection.